Emodin protects against oxidative stress and apoptosis in HK-2 renal tubular epithelial cells after hypoxia/reoxygenation

Chen,Hui; Huang,Ri‑Sheng; Yu,Xian‑Xian; Ye,Qiong; Pan,Lu‑Lu; Shao,Guo‑Jian; Pan,Jing

doi:10.3892/etm.2017.4473

Emodin protects against oxidative stress and apoptosis in HK-2 renal tubular epithelial cells after hypoxia/reoxygenation

Authors:
- Hui Chen
- Ri‑Sheng Huang
- Xian‑Xian Yu
- Qiong Ye
- Lu‑Lu Pan
- Guo‑Jian Shao
- Jing Pan
View Affiliations

Affiliations: Department of Nephrology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China, Department of Nephrology, Yueqing People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325600, P.R. China, Department of Cadre Health Care, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
Published online on: May 18, 2017 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.4473
Pages: 447-452

Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of emodin, a natural compound with antioxidant properties, on oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) in HK‑2 human renal tubular cells. In HK‑2 cells subjected to H/R, it was observed that pre‑treatment with emodin lead to an increase in cellular viability and a reduction in the rate of apoptosis and the B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2)‑associated X protein/Bcl‑2 ratio. H/R alone caused a significant increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde (P<0.05) and a significant decrease in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase (P<0.05), relative to normoxic cells. In turn, parameters of oxidative stress were improved by emodin pre‑treatment. In addition, emodin pre‑treatment significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal‑regulated protein kinase and c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase mitogen‑activated protein kinases (MAPKs) induced by H/R (P<0.05). These data suggest that emodin may prevent H/R‑induced apoptosis in human renal tubular cells through the regulation of cellular oxidative stress, MAPK activation and restoration of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio.

View Figures

View References

1	Lee D, Park S, Bae S, Jeong D, Park M, Kang C, Yoo W, Samad MA, Ke Q, Khang G and Kang PM: Hydrogen peroxide-activatable antioxidant prodrug as a targeted therapeutic agent for ischemia-reperfusion injury. Sci Rep. 5:165922015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
2	Zhang Y, Liao H, Zhong S, Gao F, Chen Y, Huang Z, Lu S, Sun T, Wang B, Li W, et al: Effect of N-n-butyl haloperidol iodide on ROS/JNK/Egr-1 signaling in H9c2 cells after hypoxia/reoxygenation. Sci Rep. 5:118092015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
3	Son Y, Cheong YK, Kim NH, Chung HT, Kang DG and Pae HO: Mitogen-activated protein kinases and reactive oxygen species: How can ROS activate MAPK pathways? J Signal Transduct. 2011.792–639. 2011.
4	Kunduzova OR, Bianchi P, Pizzinat N, Escourrou G, Seguelas MH, Parini A and Cambon C: Regulation of JNK/ERK activation, cell apoptosis, and tissue regeneration by monoamine oxidases after renal ischemia-reperfusion. FASEB J. 16:1129–1131. 2002.PubMed/NCBI
5	Aichner D and Ganzera M: Analysis of anthraquinones in rhubarb (Rheum palmatumRheum officinale) by supercritical fluid chromatography. Talanta. 144:1239–1244. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
6	Chen R, Zhang J, Hu Y, Wang S, Chen M and Wang Y: Potential antineoplastic effects of Aloe-emodin: A comprehensive review. Am J Chin Med. 42:275–288. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
7	Wu Y, Tu X, Lin G, Xia H, Huang H, Wan J, Cheng Z, Liu M, Chen G, Zhang H, et al: Emodin-mediated protection from acute myocardial infarction via inhibition of inflammation and apoptosis in local ischemic myocardium. Life Sci. 81:1332–1338. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
8	Du Y and Ko KM: Effects of emodin treatment on mitochondrial ATP generation capacity and antioxidant components as well as susceptibility to ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat hearts: Single versus multiple doses and gender difference. Life Sci. 77:2770–2782. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
9	Guan X, Qian Y, Shen Y, Zhang L, Du Y, Dai H, Qian J and Yan Y: Autophagy protects renal tubular cells against ischemia/reperfusion injury in a time-dependent manner. Cell Physiol Biochem. 36:285–298. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
10	Zhou T, Chuang CC and Zuo L: Molecular characterization of reactive oxygen species in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Biomed Res Int. 2015:8649462015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
11	Duan J, Guan Y, Mu F, Guo C, Zhang E, Yin Y, Wei G, Zhu Y, Cui J, Cao J, et al: Protective effect of butin against ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial injury in diabetic mice: Involvement of the AMPK/GSK-3β/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Sci Rep. 7:414912017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
12	Cai Q, Ma T, Li C, Tian Y and Li H: Catalpol protects pre-myelinating oligodendrocytes against ischemia-induced oxidative injury through ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Int J Biol Sci. 12:1415–1426. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
13	Zu G, Guo J, Che N, Zhou T and Zhang X: Protective effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis via activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Sci Rep. 6:384802016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
14	Xue WH, Shi XQ, Liang SH, Zhou L, Liu KF and Zhao J: Emodin attenuates cigarette smoke induced lung injury in a mouse model via suppression of reactive oxygen species production. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 29:526–532. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
15	Nemmar A, Al-Salam S, Yuvaraju P, Beegam S and Ali BH: Emodin mitigates diesel exhaust particles-induced increase in airway resistance, inflammation and oxidative stress in mice. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 215:51–57. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
16	Suzuki C, Isaka Y, Shimizu S, Tsujimoto Y, Takabatake Y, Ito T, Takahara S and Imai E: Bcl-2 protects tubular epithelial cells from ischemia reperfusion injury by inhibiting apoptosis. Cell Transplant. 17:223–229. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
17	Kvansakul M and Hinds MG: The Bcl-2 family: Structures, interactions and targets for drug discovery. Apoptosis. 20:136–150. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
18	Bae EH, Cho S, Joo SY, Ma SK, Kim SH, Lee J and Kim SW: 4-Hydroxy-2-hexenal-induced apoptosis in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 26:3866–3873. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
19	Park SY, Jin ML, Ko MJ, Park G and Choi YW: Anti-neuroinflammatory effect of emodin in LPS-stimulated microglia: Involvement of AMPK/Nrf2 activation. Neurochem Res. 41:2981–2992. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
20	Yin JT, Wan B, Liu DD, Wan SX, Fu HY, Wan Y, Zhang H and Chen Y: Emodin alleviates lung injury in rats with sepsis. J Surg Res. 202:308–314. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI