Neuroprotective effect of local hypothermia in a computer‑controlled compression model in minipig: Correlation of tissue sparing along the rostro‑caudal axis with neurological outcome

Gedrova,Stefania; Galik,Jan; Marsala,Martin; Zavodska,Monika; Pavel,Jaroslav; Sulla,Igor; Gajdos,Miroslav; Lukac,Imrich; Kafka,Jozef; Ledecky,Valent; Sulla,Igor; Karasova,Martina; Reichel,Peter; Trbolova,Alexandra; Capik,Igor; Lukacova,Viktoria; Bimbova,Katarina; Bacova,Maria; Stropkovska,Andrea; Lukacova,Nadezda

doi:10.3892/etm.2017.5432

Neuroprotective effect of local hypothermia in a computer‑controlled compression model in minipig: Correlation of tissue sparing along the rostro‑caudal axis with neurological outcome

Authors:
- Stefania Gedrova
- Jan Galik
- Martin Marsala
- Monika Zavodska
- Jaroslav Pavel
- Igor Sulla
- Miroslav Gajdos
- Imrich Lukac
- Jozef Kafka
- Valent Ledecky
- Martina Karasova
- Peter Reichel
- Alexandra Trbolova
- Igor Capik
- Viktoria Lukacova
- Katarina Bimbova
- Maria Bacova
- Andrea Stropkovska
- Nadezda Lukacova
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Affiliations: Institute of Neurobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 040 01 Kosice, Slovak Republic, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pavol Jozef Safarik, 040 01 Kosice, Slovak Republic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, 041 81 Kosice, Slovak Republic, Faculty of Economics, Technical University of Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovak Republic
Published online on: November 1, 2017 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.5432
Pages: 254-270
Copyright: © Gedrova et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

This study investigated the neuroprotective efficacy of local hypothermia in a minipig model of spinal cord injury (SCI) induced by a computer‑controlled impactor device. The tissue integrity observed at the injury epicenter, and up to 3 cm cranially and caudally from the lesion site correlated with motor function. A computer‑controlled device produced contusion lesions at L3 level with two different degrees of tissue sparing, depending upon pre‑set impact parameters (8N‑ and 15N‑force impact). Hypothermia with cold (4˚C) saline or Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM)/F12 culture medium was applied 30 min after SCI (for 5 h) via a perfusion chamber (flow 2 ml/min). After saline hypothermia, the 8N‑SCI group achieved faster recovery of hind limb function and the ability to walk from one to three steps at nine weeks in comparison with non‑treated animals. Such improvements were not observed in saline‑treated animals subjected to more severe 15N‑SCI or in the group treated with DMEM/F12 medium. It was demonstrated that the tissue preservation in the cranial and caudal segments immediately adjacent to the lesion, and neurofilament protection in the lateral columns may be essential for modulation of the key spinal microcircuits leading to a functional outcome. Tissue sparing observed only in the caudal sections, even though significant, was not sufficient for functional improvement in the 15N‑SCI model.

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