Acquired hypophosphatemic osteomalacia is easily misdiagnosed or neglected by rheumatologists: A report of 9 cases

  • Authors:
    • Ling Li
    • Shu‑Xia Wang
    • Hong‑Mei Wu
    • Dong‑Lan Luo
    • Guang‑Fu Dong
    • Yuan Feng
    • Xiao Zhang
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  • Published online on: April 27, 2018     https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.6106
  • Pages: 5389-5393
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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to assist rheumatologists in differentiating hypophosphatemic osteomalacia (HO) from mimic rheumatology diseases. Clinical data was obtained from 9 patients with acquired HO, initially misdiagnosed as mimic rheumatologic diseases. The data were retrospectively analyzed and a literature review was performed. The etiology of the cases was as follows: Adefovir dipivoxil‑induced Fanconi syndrome was present in 6 of the cases, 2 were tumors and 1 case was chronic nephropathy. The chief complaint was thoracic or back pain and arthralgia, followed by progressive muscle weakness and dramatic movement limitation. All patients were transferred to 3‑6 hospitals for extended periods due to misdiagnosis with conditions such as ankylosing spondylitis, chronic arthritis, lumbar disc disease, osteoporosis and somatoform disorder. Hypophosphatemia was observed in the patients and bone scans revealed diffusely decreased tracer uptake, with multiple hot spots of fractured sites and involved joints. Furthermore, patients' bone density was markedly low compared with the normal range for their age and sex. In the present study, 6 of the patients recovered when adefovir dipivoxil was stopped. In 1 case, hypophosphatemia was ameliorated following tumor resection. The remaining patients, 1 with sub‑skull tumor and 1 with chronic kidney disease, had poor prognoses due to incurable diseases. In conclusion, diagnosing HO is challenging for rheumatologists and physicians. Basic examinations of electrolyte balance and bone mineral density should be performed, as should tumor screening and a careful collection of patient medical history and drugs in young patients with unexplained thoracic or back pain and muscle weakness. Removing any secondary etiology, such as drugs may dramatically improve the patients clinical manifestations and result in an improved prognosis.
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June-2018
Volume 15 Issue 6

Print ISSN: 1792-0981
Online ISSN:1792-1015

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Spandidos Publications style
Li L, Wang SX, Wu HM, Luo DL, Dong GF, Feng Y and Zhang X: Acquired hypophosphatemic osteomalacia is easily misdiagnosed or neglected by rheumatologists: A report of 9 cases. Exp Ther Med 15: 5389-5393, 2018.
APA
Li, L., Wang, S., Wu, H., Luo, D., Dong, G., Feng, Y., & Zhang, X. (2018). Acquired hypophosphatemic osteomalacia is easily misdiagnosed or neglected by rheumatologists: A report of 9 cases. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 15, 5389-5393. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.6106
MLA
Li, L., Wang, S., Wu, H., Luo, D., Dong, G., Feng, Y., Zhang, X."Acquired hypophosphatemic osteomalacia is easily misdiagnosed or neglected by rheumatologists: A report of 9 cases". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15.6 (2018): 5389-5393.
Chicago
Li, L., Wang, S., Wu, H., Luo, D., Dong, G., Feng, Y., Zhang, X."Acquired hypophosphatemic osteomalacia is easily misdiagnosed or neglected by rheumatologists: A report of 9 cases". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 15, no. 6 (2018): 5389-5393. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.6106