Vascularization of vessel pedicle in hypospadias and its relationship to near‑period complications

Zhao,Zhang; Sun,Ning; Mao,Xiangming

doi:10.3892/etm.2018.6475

Vascularization of vessel pedicle in hypospadias and its relationship to near‑period complications

Authors:
- Zhang Zhao
- Ning Sun
- Xiangming Mao
View Affiliations

Affiliations: Department of Urology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China, Department of Urology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing 100045, P.R. China
Published online on: July 18, 2018 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.6475
Pages: 2408-2412

Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

Abstract

The present study evaluated the relationship between the vascularization of vessel pedicle and the near‑period complication by assessing the surgery effect and recognizing the blood supply of the material for urethra reconstruction and collected the follow‑up of the hypospadias patients after the operation. We illuminated the prepuce by a lighting technique using cold light and then photographed, and recorded the distribution and the quantity of vessels. Then classified, analyzed and summarized the vascularization of vessel pedicle. Patients who were repaired by Duckett technique were followed up for 1‑5 months after the operation. We classified vessel pedicle vascularization in hypospadias cases into four patterns based on the predominant blood vessels. The number of predominant vessels had no exact relationship to the meatal location. The incidence of fistula and stricture had no exact relationship to the number of predominant vessels. In conclusion, there is no exact congruent relationship between the types of vascularization with the meatal location. Vascularization of vessel pedicle had no exact relationship with urethral fistula or stricture.

View Figures

View References

1	Nelson CP, Park JM, Wan J, Bloom DA, Dunn RL and Wei JT: The increasing incidence of congenital penile anomalies in the United States. J Urol. 174:1573–1576. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
2	Schnack TH, Poulsen G, Myrup C, Wohlfahrt J and Melbye M: Familial coaggregation of cryptorchidism and hypospadias. Epidemiology. 21:109–113. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
3	van der Horst HJ and de Wall LL: Hypospadias, all there is to know. Eur J Pediatr. 176:435–441. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
4	Westenfelder M: Treatment of hypospadias. Urologe A. 31:333–341. 1992.(In German). PubMed/NCBI
5	Keays MA and Dave S: Current hypospadias management: Diagnosis, surgical management, and long-term patient-centred outcomes. Can Urol Assoc J. 11 Suppl 1:S48–S53. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
6	Retik AB, Mandell J, Bauer SB and Atala A: Meatal based hypospadias repair with the use of a dorsal subcutaneous flap to prevent urethrocutaneous fistula. J Urol. 152:1229–1231. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
7	Duckett JW Jr: Transverse preputial island flap technique for repair of severe hypospadias. Urol Clin North Am. 7:423–430. 1980.PubMed/NCBI
8	Zhang N, Zhang W, Sun N, Bai J, Tian J, Li M, Song H and Huang C: Application of tubularized transverse preputial island flap urethroplasty for the repair of hypospadias. Zhonghua Xiaoerwaike Zazhi. 31:757–760. 2010.(In Chinese).
9	Duckett JW: HypospadiasCampbell's Urology. Walsh PC, Gittes RF, Perlmutter AD and Stamey TA: 2. 5th edition. W.B. Saunders Co.; Philadelphia, PA: pp. 1969–1999. 1986
10	Retik AB and Borer JG: HypospadiasCampbell's Urology. Walsh PC, Retik AB, Vaughan ED and Wein AJ: 8th edition. W.B. Saunders Co.; Philadelphia, PA: pp. 2284–2353. 2002
11	Duckett JW Jr: The island flap technique for hypospadias repair. Urol Clin North Am. 8:503–511. 1981.PubMed/NCBI
12	Juskiewenski S, Vaysse Ph, Moscovici J, Hammoudi S and Bouissou E: A study of the arterial blood supply to the penis. Anat Clin. 4:101–107. 1982. View Article : Google Scholar
13	Grossman JA, Caldamone A, Khouri R and Kenna DM: Cutaneous blood supply of the penis. Plast Reconstr Surg. 83:213–216. 1989. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
14	Zhang F and Chen Z: Applied anatomy in urethroplasty by penile flap with external pudendal artery. J Pract Aesthetic Plast Surg. 13:236–237. 2002.
15	Chan IH and Wong KK: Common urological problems in children: Prepuce, phimosis, and buried penis. Hong Kong Med. J22:263–269. 2016.
16	Buckley J and McAninch J: Distal penile circular fasciocutaneous flap for complex anterior urethral strictures. BJU Int. 100:221–231. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
17	Quartey JKM: Anatomy and blood supply of the urethra and penisUrethral Reconstructive Surgery. Schreiter F and Jordan GH: Springer; Berlin, Heidelberg: pp. 11–17. 2006, View Article : Google Scholar
18	Brandes SB: Vascular anatomy of genital skin and the urethra: Implications for urethral reconstruction. In: Urethral Reconstructive SurgeryCurrent Clinical Urology. Humana Press; pp. 9–18. 2008
19	Jiang XZ, Yang JF, Zeng Q, Wan B and He LY: Transverse preputial island flap technique (Ducketts procedure) forhypospadias repair: a report of 356 cases. Zhonghua Nan KeXue. 17:622–624. 2011.(In Chinese).
20	Mylchreest E, Cattley RC and Foster PM: Male reproductive tract malformations in rats following gestational and lactational exposure to Di(n-butyl) phthalate: An antiandrogenic mechanism? Toxicol Sci. 43:47–60. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
21	Perovic SV and Radojicic ZI: Vascularization of the hypospadiac prepuce and its impact on hypospadias repair. J Urol. 169:1098–1101. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
22	Yucel S, Guntekin E, Kukul E, Karaguzel G, Ciftcioglu A, Melikoglu M and Baykara M: Comparison of hypospadiac and normal preputial vascular anatomy. J Urol. 172:1973–1976; discussion 1976. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
23	Hendren WH and Horton CE Jr: Experience with 1-stage repair of hypospadias and chordee using free graft of prepuce. J Urol. 140:1259–1264. 1988. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
24	Cağrı Savaş M, Kapucuoğlu N, Gürsoy K and Başpınar S: The microvessel density of the hypospadiac prepuce in children. J Pediatr Urol. 7:162–165. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
25	Ceyhan L, Savas Cagri M, Baspinar S, Duman L and Büyükyavuz BI: The correlation between preputial blood flow and microvessel density in distal hypospadias: A prospective clinical study. J Pediatr Urol. 10:103–106. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI