Cellular viability and osteogenic differentiation potential of human gingiva‑derived stem cells in 2D culture following treatment with anionic, cationic, and neutral liposomes containing doxorubicin

Lee,Hyunjin; Son,Jihwan; Yi,Gawon; Koo,Heebeom; Park,Jun‑Beom

doi:10.3892/etm.2018.6777

Cellular viability and osteogenic differentiation potential of human gingiva‑derived stem cells in 2D culture following treatment with anionic, cationic, and neutral liposomes containing doxorubicin

Authors:
- Hyunjin Lee
- Jihwan Son
- Gawon Yi
- Heebeom Koo
- Jun‑Beom Park
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Affiliations: Department of Periodontics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea, Department of Medical Lifescience, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
Published online on: September 19, 2018 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.6777
Pages: 4457-4462
Copyright: © Lee et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The effects of doxorubicin, particularly doxorubicin liposome, on stem cells have remained to be fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of anionic, cationic and neutral liposomes loaded with doxorubicin on the viability and osteogenic differentiation potential of human gingiva‑derived stem cells in two‑dimensional culture. Doxorubicin‑loaded liposomes were prepared using the traditional thin‑lipid‑film hydration method. Stem cells were seeded on a culture plate and maintained in osteogenic media. The morphology of the stem cells was observed under an inverted microscope. The number of viable cells was determined using a Cell‑Counting Kit‑8 assay. The alkaline phosphatase activity was assessed and Alizarin Red S staining was performed to evaluate osteogenic differentiation. A higher concentration of doxorubicin caused noticeable changes in the morphology of the stem cells. Decreases in cellular viability were observed after applying doxorubicin. The application of doxorubicin, particularly at higher concentrations, produced a noticeable decrease in alkaline phosphatase activity and Alizarin Red S staining. The present study indicated that application of doxorubicin with or without liposomes reduced the cellular viability and osteogenic differentiation. Among the different treatments, the doxorubicin‑loaded cationic liposomes induced the strongest reduction in the cellular viability and osteogenic differentiation in the stem cell culture.

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