Altered pulmonary capillary permeability in immunosuppressed guinea pigs infected with Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1

Cai,Xu; Yu,Na; Ma,Jiangwei; Li,Wen‑Yang; Xu,Mingtao; Li,Erran; Zhang,Min; Wang,Wei; Chen,Yu; Kang,Jian

doi:10.3892/etm.2019.8102

Altered pulmonary capillary permeability in immunosuppressed guinea pigs infected with Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1

Authors:
- Xu Cai
- Na Yu
- Jiangwei Ma
- Wen‑Yang Li
- Mingtao Xu
- Erran Li
- Min Zhang
- Wei Wang
- Yu Chen
- Jian Kang
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Affiliations: Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150036, P.R. China, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
Published online on: October 14, 2019 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.8102
Pages: 4368-4378
Copyright: © Cai et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

In immunosuppressed hosts, Legionella pneumophila (Lp) infection usually develops into severe pneumonia, which is pathologically characterized by increased vascular permeability and pulmonary edema. At present, mechanisms associated with changes in pulmonary capillary permeability (PCP) and the pathogenesis of pulmonary edema in immunosuppressed hosts with Lp infection are unclear. Therefore, in the present study an animal model of normal and immunosuppressed guinea pigs infected with Lp was established. An isolated perfused lung system was used to investigate the extent of changes in PCP. Pathological and immunofluorescence examinations were performed to explore the mechanism underlying these changes. The results indicated that PCP increased with the highest magnitude in immunosuppressed guinea pigs infected with Lp, with repeated ANOVA indicating synergism between infection and immunosuppression (P=0.0444). Hematoxylin and eosin staining and electron microscopy revealed more severe morphological damages in the lung tissues and pulmonary capillaries of the immunosuppressed animals infected with Lp compared with normal animals infected with Lp. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that immunosuppression reduced the expression of the vascular endothelial cell junction protein VE‑cadherin (P=0.027). Following Lp infection, VE‑cadherin expression was significantly lower in the immunosuppressed guinea pigs compared with their immunocompetent counterparts (P=0.001). These results suggest that immunosuppression combined with Lp infection induces more significant damage to pulmonary capillaries compared with Lp infection alone, resulting in a significantly increased PCP.

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