Zinc status, insulin resistance and glycoxidative stress in elderly subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Grădinaru,Daniela; Margină,Denisa; Ungurianu,Anca; Nițulescu,Georgiana; Pena,Cătălina Monica; Ionescu‑Tîrgoviște,Constantin; Dănciulescu Miulescu,Rucsandra

doi:10.3892/etm.2021.10829

Zinc status, insulin resistance and glycoxidative stress in elderly subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Authors:
- Daniela Grădinaru
- Denisa Margină
- Anca Ungurianu
- Georgiana Nițulescu
- Cătălina Monica Pena
- Constantin Ionescu‑Tîrgoviște
- Rucsandra Dănciulescu Miulescu
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Affiliations: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania, Biology of Aging Department, ‘Ana Aslan’ National Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 011241 Bucharest, Romania, Clinical Department, ‘Nicolae Paulescu’ Institute of Diabetes, Metabolic and Nutrition Diseases, 020475 Bucharest, Romania
Published online on: September 30, 2021 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10829
Article Number: 1393

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Abstract

Zinc deficiencies have been reported in numerous pathologies, such as diabetes mellitus, but also in the physiological process of ageing. Similarly, the end products of glycoxidation processes, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), are damaging compounds, a myriad of reports linking them to the development and progression of several age‑associated chronic diseases. The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationships between zinc status, glycoxidative stress and insulin resistance (IR) in elderly subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A group of 52 non‑smoking subjects (9 men and 43 women, aged 65‑83 years) were enrolled in this cross‑sectional study: 27 patients with T2DM, and 25 apparently healthy control subjects. Serum zinc (Zn) levels were assessed using a commercial kit based on an end‑point colorimetric method, and serum AGEs were evaluated with a fluorimetric analytic procedure. The calculated glucose‑to‑zinc ratio (Gly/Zn), insulin‑to‑zinc ratio (Ins/Zn) and insulin‑zinc resistance index (HOMA‑IR/Zn) were further used to study the associations between serum Zn levels, secretory function of β‑pancreatic cells and AGEs. T2DM patients presented significantly higher serum insulin and Zn levels, as compared to the controls. We found a significant inverse correlation between Zn and AGEs, and a strong positive correlation between AGEs and the Gly/Zn ratio, suggesting that both Zn and AGEs are biomarkers that could reflect the persistence of hyperglycemia. We identified new surrogate biomarkers useful for the assessment of glycemic control with great potential for the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies for elderly diabetics, based on the evaluation of serum Zn levels.

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