Protective effects of syringic acid on inflammation, apoptosis and intestinal barrier function in Caco‑2 cells following oxygen‑glucose deprivation/reoxygenation‑induced injury

Xiang,Sini; Xiao,Jun

doi:10.3892/etm.2021.10989

Protective effects of syringic acid on inflammation, apoptosis and intestinal barrier function in Caco‑2 cells following oxygen‑glucose deprivation/reoxygenation‑induced injury

Authors:
- Sini Xiang
- Jun Xiao
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Affiliations: Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
Published online on: November 23, 2021 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10989
Article Number: 66
Copyright: © Xiang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Syringic acid (SA) is an abundant phenolic acid compound that has been demonstrated to yield therapeutic benefits in myocardial and renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). However, the role of SA in intestinal I/R injury is unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of SA against intestinal I/R injury. Caco‑2 cells were incubated with different doses of SA before oxygen‑glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) induction. The viability of Caco‑2 cells, the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), the production of pro‑inflammatory cytokines and the levels of reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde were measured. Apoptosis was evaluated using a TUNEL assay and western blotting. Transepithelial electrical resistance and western blotting were performed to evaluate intestinal barrier function in Caco‑2 cells. The present study revealed that pretreatment with SA significantly increased cell viability and reduced LDH release in Caco‑2 cells subjected to OGD/R treatment. In addition, SA suppressed OGD/R‑induced inflammatory responses by reducing pro‑inflammatory cytokine levels. Furthermore, the levels of oxidative stress and apoptosis were ameliorated by SA. SA also alleviated the intestinal barrier disruption exhibited by Caco‑2 cells after OGD/R injury. Overall, the present study revealed that SA may potentially protect Caco‑2 cells from OGD/R injury, and that this effect may be attributed to its anti‑inflammatory and anti‑apoptotic activities, as well as its ability to protect the function of the intestinal barrier.

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