Open Access

COVID‑19 and its consequences on mental health (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Konstantinos Tsamakis
    • Dimitrios Tsiptsios
    • Andreas Ouranidis
    • Christoph Mueller
    • Dimitrios Schizas
    • Christos Terniotis
    • Nikolaos Nikolakakis
    • Georgios Tyros
    • Stylianos Kympouropoulos
    • Andreas Lazaris
    • Demetrios A. Spandidos
    • Nikolaos Smyrnis
    • Emmanouil Rizos
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: January 22, 2021     https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9675
  • Article Number: 244
  • Copyright: © Tsamakis et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

As one year is approaching since the beginning of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) pandemic, it is important to acknowledge the detrimental effect that it is having on mental health at the individual, societal and public health levels. The current review presents the direct and indirect psychological impact of COVID‑19 on the general public, as well as on vulnerable groups, including the elderly, the young, healthcare professionals, people with pre‑existing mental health issues, those infected by COVID‑19, homeless people and refugees. Important findings are discussed in the present review, including the social stigma in older people associated with portraying COVID‑19 as the disease of the elderly, and the limited psychological impact of COVID‑19 in the severely mentally ill, alongside the response of the mental healthcare systems globally to this unparalleled public health crisis. The important lessons to be learnt so far can help formulate individual mental health recommendations, as well as improved intervention and prevention public health strategies.
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March-2021
Volume 21 Issue 3

Print ISSN: 1792-0981
Online ISSN:1792-1015

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Spandidos Publications style
Tsamakis K, Tsiptsios D, Ouranidis A, Mueller C, Schizas D, Terniotis C, Nikolakakis N, Tyros G, Kympouropoulos S, Lazaris A, Lazaris A, et al: COVID‑19 and its consequences on mental health (Review). Exp Ther Med 21: 244, 2021.
APA
Tsamakis, K., Tsiptsios, D., Ouranidis, A., Mueller, C., Schizas, D., Terniotis, C. ... Rizos, E. (2021). COVID‑19 and its consequences on mental health (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 21, 244. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9675
MLA
Tsamakis, K., Tsiptsios, D., Ouranidis, A., Mueller, C., Schizas, D., Terniotis, C., Nikolakakis, N., Tyros, G., Kympouropoulos, S., Lazaris, A., Spandidos, D. A., Smyrnis, N., Rizos, E."COVID‑19 and its consequences on mental health (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21.3 (2021): 244.
Chicago
Tsamakis, K., Tsiptsios, D., Ouranidis, A., Mueller, C., Schizas, D., Terniotis, C., Nikolakakis, N., Tyros, G., Kympouropoulos, S., Lazaris, A., Spandidos, D. A., Smyrnis, N., Rizos, E."COVID‑19 and its consequences on mental health (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21, no. 3 (2021): 244. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9675