Open Access

COVID‑19 induced hypoparathyroidism: A case report

  • Authors:
    • Vasiliki Epameinondas Georgakopoulou
    • Pantelis Avramopoulos
    • Petros Papalexis
    • Aikaterini Bitsani
    • Christos Damaskos
    • Anna Garmpi
    • Maria S. Venetikou
    • Daniel Paramythiotis
    • Eleni Karlafti
    • Pagona Sklapani
    • Nikolaos Trakas
    • Demetrios A. Spandidos
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: March 23, 2022     https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2022.11276
  • Article Number: 346
  • Copyright: © Georgakopoulou et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Low levels of serum calcium, elevated levels of serum phosphorus and absent or abnormally low levels of serum parathyroid hormone characterize hypoparathyroidism, a rare endocrine deficiency illness. Hypoparathyroidism is caused by injury to the parathyroid gland as a result of surgery or autoimmune disease. In addition, hypoparathyroidism may develop due to genetic causes or infiltrative diseases. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) infection is characterized by multi‑organ involvement, including the dysfunction of endocrine glands. Previous studies have demonstrated that SARS‑CoV‑2 infection induces endocrine tissue damage via various mechanisms, including direct cell damage from viral entry to the glands by binding to the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptors and replication, vasculitis, arterial and venous thrombosis, hypoxic cell damage, immune response and the cytokine storm. The effects of the new coronavirus, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) on the parathyroid glands have received limited attention. Hypoparathyroidism has been observed in a small number of individuals as a result of SARS‑CoV‑2 infection. The present study describes the case of a patient with primary hypoparathyroidism induced by COVID‑19. Clinicians should also keep in mind that, despite the fact that SARS‑CoV‑2 has no known tropism for the parathyroid glands, it can result in primary hypoparathyroidism and decompensation of old primary hypoparathyroidism.
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May-2022
Volume 23 Issue 5

Print ISSN: 1792-0981
Online ISSN:1792-1015

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Spandidos Publications style
Georgakopoulou VE, Avramopoulos P, Papalexis P, Bitsani A, Damaskos C, Garmpi A, Venetikou MS, Paramythiotis D, Karlafti E, Sklapani P, Sklapani P, et al: COVID‑19 induced hypoparathyroidism: A case report. Exp Ther Med 23: 346, 2022.
APA
Georgakopoulou, V.E., Avramopoulos, P., Papalexis, P., Bitsani, A., Damaskos, C., Garmpi, A. ... Spandidos, D.A. (2022). COVID‑19 induced hypoparathyroidism: A case report. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 23, 346. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2022.11276
MLA
Georgakopoulou, V. E., Avramopoulos, P., Papalexis, P., Bitsani, A., Damaskos, C., Garmpi, A., Venetikou, M. S., Paramythiotis, D., Karlafti, E., Sklapani, P., Trakas, N., Spandidos, D. A."COVID‑19 induced hypoparathyroidism: A case report". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 23.5 (2022): 346.
Chicago
Georgakopoulou, V. E., Avramopoulos, P., Papalexis, P., Bitsani, A., Damaskos, C., Garmpi, A., Venetikou, M. S., Paramythiotis, D., Karlafti, E., Sklapani, P., Trakas, N., Spandidos, D. A."COVID‑19 induced hypoparathyroidism: A case report". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 23, no. 5 (2022): 346. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2022.11276