Open Access

Calpain inhibitor MDL28170 alleviates cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury by suppressing inflammation and autophagy in a rat model of cardiac arrest

  • Authors:
    • Wen-Yan Wang
    • Jia-Xin Shi
    • Meng-Hua Chen
    • Xiang-Zhen Zhuge
    • Chun-Guang Dai
    • Lu Xie
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: March 17, 2023     https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.11895
  • Article Number: 196
  • Copyright: © Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury (CIRI) is associated with a poor neurological prognosis in patients who have experienced cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The aim of the current study was to investigate the potential role of a calpain inhibitor in CIRI using a rat model of CA. CA was induced in adult male Sprague‑Dawley rats, and MDL28170 (a calpain inhibitor) was administered to the rats within 30 min after the return of spontaneous circulation. Differences between groups were evaluated by measuring survival rate, CPR duration and neurological deficit score. Hematoxylin‑eosin staining and Nissl staining were performed to assess cerebral injury, and microstructure and autophagy were assessed by transmission electron microscopy. The levels of calpain‑1, calpain‑2, calpastatin, interleukin (IL)‑1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α, P62, beclin‑1 and LC3 in the brain tissues were determined using western blotting and double immunofluorescence staining. There was no significant difference in CPR duration or survival rate among the groups. At 24 h after CPR, the CA group demonstrated damaged tissue morphology; decreased neurological deficit scores, and P62 expression; and upregulated calpain‑2, IL‑1βp17, TNF‑α, beclin‑1 and LC3 levels in the cortex. However, MDL28170 improved neuronal function and suppressed inflammation and autophagy by inhibiting calpain‑2 level, but there were no differences in the calpain‑1 and calpastatin levels. These results suggest that calpain‑2, inflammation and autophagy are involved in CA‑induced CIRI. MDL28170 inhibited calpain‑2 expression, inflammation and autophagy, which suggests its potential efficacy in treating post‑CA nerve damage.
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May-2023
Volume 25 Issue 5

Print ISSN: 1792-0981
Online ISSN:1792-1015

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Spandidos Publications style
Wang W, Shi J, Chen M, Zhuge X, Dai C and Xie L: Calpain inhibitor MDL28170 alleviates cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury by suppressing inflammation and autophagy in a rat model of cardiac arrest. Exp Ther Med 25: 196, 2023.
APA
Wang, W., Shi, J., Chen, M., Zhuge, X., Dai, C., & Xie, L. (2023). Calpain inhibitor MDL28170 alleviates cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury by suppressing inflammation and autophagy in a rat model of cardiac arrest. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 25, 196. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.11895
MLA
Wang, W., Shi, J., Chen, M., Zhuge, X., Dai, C., Xie, L."Calpain inhibitor MDL28170 alleviates cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury by suppressing inflammation and autophagy in a rat model of cardiac arrest". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 25.5 (2023): 196.
Chicago
Wang, W., Shi, J., Chen, M., Zhuge, X., Dai, C., Xie, L."Calpain inhibitor MDL28170 alleviates cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury by suppressing inflammation and autophagy in a rat model of cardiac arrest". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 25, no. 5 (2023): 196. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.11895