Effects of glucagon‑like peptide‑1 receptor agonists on fracture healing in a rat osteoporotic model

Wang,Rong; Na,Han; Cheng,Shaowen; Zheng,Yanglin; Yao,Jiangling; Bian,Yangyang; Gu,Yuntao

doi:10.3892/etm.2023.12111

Effects of glucagon‑like peptide‑1 receptor agonists on fracture healing in a rat osteoporotic model

Authors:
- Rong Wang
- Han Na
- Shaowen Cheng
- Yanglin Zheng
- Jiangling Yao
- Yangyang Bian
- Yuntao Gu
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Affiliations: Department of Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China, Department of Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China, Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
Published online on: July 11, 2023 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.12111
Article Number: 412
Copyright: © Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Osteoporosis is a common disease characterized by reduced bone mass, microstructural deterioration, fragility and consequent fragility fractures and is particularly prevalent among the elderly population. Although glucagon‑like peptide‑1 receptor agonists (GLP‑1 RAs) have positive effects on bones, their role in the prevention of osteoporotic fractures remains to be elucidated. The present study assigned female Sprague Dawley rats with osteoporotic fractures into variectomized osteoporosis (OVX), OVX + liraglutide (LIRA) (50 µg/kg/day subcutaneous LIRA) and control groups. At 3 and 6 weeks postoperatively, X‑ray, tartrate‑resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, histological and biomechanical assays and assessment of femoral bone mineral density (BMD) were performed. Compared with the OVX group, GLP‑1 RA treatment improved the formation of calluses and osseous union. TRAP staining showed significantly fewer osteoclasts in the OVX + LIRA group compared with the OVX group. In the osteoporotically fractured rats, LIRA improved bone strength at the femoral diaphysis, stiffness, ultimate load and femoral trabecular BMD Compared with the OVX group. GLP‑1 RA treatment inhibited osteoclast formation and improved trabecular bone architecture and mass in osteoporotic fracture model rats, leading to improved biomechanical strength. GLP‑1 RAs may be used as novel anti‑osteoporotic fracture agents.

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