Open Access

Anti‑BCMA CAR‑T cell immunotherapy for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma

  • Authors:
    • Xiaohui Zhang
    • Chenxi Ouyang
    • Guofeng Sun
    • Hongfeng Liu
    • Junyuan Qi
    • Xiaohui Suo
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: August 17, 2023     https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.12170
  • Article Number: 471
  • Copyright: © Zhang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The present study aimed to study the efficacy and adverse effects of anti‑B‑cell maturation antigen (BCMA) chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR‑T) cell therapy in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Patients were divided into three dose groups based on cell therapy concentration. After CAR‑T cell therapy for 10 patients with recurrent or refractory multiple myeloma, the patients were monitored and evaluated regularly to observe the efficacy and adverse reactions of CAR‑T cell therapy. At a median follow‑up of 337 (253‑504) days, one patient succumbed 24 days due to rapidly progressing disease. The overall response rate of nine patients was 88.9%, including 77.8% (7/9) with minimal residual disease negative complete remission (CR) and 11.1% (1/9) with partial remission. A total of three patients were maintained in remission state for more than a year and eight were maintained for more than six months. Among the three patients with extramedullary invasion, two extramedullary lesions disappeared and one was stable. The highest copy number of CAR‑T cells in seven patients with CR was >1x105 copies/µl gDNA, and the best therapeutic effect can be achieved within 30 (7‑30) days after the copy number of CAR‑T cells reached 1x105 copies/µl genomic DNA. The median onset time in the nine patients was 43 (22‑169) days, and the median progression‑free survival was 337 (253‑504). Among the 10 patients, nine (90%) had cytokine release syndrome, all of which were below grade II. There were nine (90%) patients with hematological adverse reactions, six (60%) patients with severe anemia, five (50%) patients with grade III and above leukopenia, five (50%) patients with granulocytopenia, four (40%) patients with grade III and above thrombocytopenia, and three (30%) patients with grade III and above pancytopenia. It was concluded that anti‑BCMA CAR‑T cell therapy is a promising treatment method for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma and extramedullary invasion, with stable efficacy and controllable adverse effects.
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October-2023
Volume 26 Issue 4

Print ISSN: 1792-0981
Online ISSN:1792-1015

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Zhang X, Ouyang C, Sun G, Liu H, Qi J and Suo X: Anti‑BCMA CAR‑T cell immunotherapy for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Exp Ther Med 26: 471, 2023
APA
Zhang, X., Ouyang, C., Sun, G., Liu, H., Qi, J., & Suo, X. (2023). Anti‑BCMA CAR‑T cell immunotherapy for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 26, 471. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.12170
MLA
Zhang, X., Ouyang, C., Sun, G., Liu, H., Qi, J., Suo, X."Anti‑BCMA CAR‑T cell immunotherapy for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 26.4 (2023): 471.
Chicago
Zhang, X., Ouyang, C., Sun, G., Liu, H., Qi, J., Suo, X."Anti‑BCMA CAR‑T cell immunotherapy for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 26, no. 4 (2023): 471. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.12170