Prognostic biomarker SYK and its correlation with immune infiltrates in glioma

Wang,Changxin; Liu,Pei; Sun,Yu; Liu,Ting; Xu,Xiaoxiao; Guo,Jiamin; Gong,Zheng; Sun,Haixin; Xu,Rui

doi:10.3892/etm.2023.12198

Prognostic biomarker SYK and its correlation with immune infiltrates in glioma

Authors:
- Changxin Wang
- Pei Liu
- Yu Sun
- Ting Liu
- Xiaoxiao Xu
- Jiamin Guo
- Zheng Gong
- Haixin Sun
- Rui Xu
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Affiliations: School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China, Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
Published online on: September 7, 2023 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.12198
Article Number: 499
Copyright: © Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The tumor microenvironment (TME) provides excellent conditions for the development of glioma. The present study sought to identify the prognostic factors of glioma that could be used to improve the prognosis of patients with this disease. In the present study, Cell‑type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) and Estimation of Stromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumor tissues using Expression data calculations were employed to estimate the ratio of tumor‑infiltrating immune cells and the quantity of immune and stromal components in 698 glioma cases from the Cancer Genome Atlas database. In addition, certain differentially expressed genes were studied by Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses and single genes associated with prognosis were identified by protein‑protein interaction (PPI) network and Cox combined analysis. The immune and stromal scores of the TME were significantly associated with glioma patient survival. By using the PPI network and Cox regression analyses, spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) was eventually identified as the best prognostic factor for patients with glioma. In addition, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and CIBERSORT analyses were employed. The former indicated that the high‑expression SYK group genes were mainly enriched in immune‑related activities. The latter revealed that SYK expression was positively associated with T cell cluster of differentiation 4 memory resting and monocytes. The aforementioned experimental analyses provided the theoretical basis for the biological prediction of SYK. The data indicated that SYK contributed to immune predictors in patients with glioma by facilitating the shift of the TME from immune dominance to metabolic activity. Finally, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to verify the single gene expression in glioma cells. This may provide prognostic value for the treatment of glioma.

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