Clinical characteristics and prognostic analysis of patients with HIV and glioma: A case series and literature review

Ding,Xinghuan; Liang,Tingyu; Liang,Bo; Zhou,Xingang; Chen,Jiamin; Gao,Haili; Wang,Fang; Zheng,Xinmei; Feng,Enshan

doi:10.3892/etm.2024.12380

Clinical characteristics and prognostic analysis of patients with HIV and glioma: A case series and literature review

Authors:
- Xinghuan Ding
- Tingyu Liang
- Bo Liang
- Xingang Zhou
- Jiamin Chen
- Haili Gao
- Fang Wang
- Xinmei Zheng
- Enshan Feng
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Affiliations: Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China, Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China, National Center for Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China, National Center for Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
Published online on: January 8, 2024 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12380
Article Number: 90
Copyright: © Ding et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Cerebral glial tumors have become increasingly common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‑positive patients. The present study aimed to report a series of such cases, explore their clinical and pathological characteristics and subject all the reported cases to a survival analysis. The characteristics, management and prognosis of 10 HIV‑positive patients with brain gliomas enrolled in a single hospital were investigated in detail. Immunohistochemical assessment of CD31, CD68 and CD163 was performed in the 10 HIV‑positive patients with glioma and 18 HIV‑negative patients with glioma. The relevant literature was also reviewed using relevant search terms. The potential predictive factors were screened by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, and a nomogram was established based on the potential predictive factors. A total of 50 patients, including the 10 primary cases, were included in the survival analysis. The median survival time was 9 months. The gliomas of HIV‑negative patients had a lower cell count of CD163⁺ cells than those of HIV‑positive patients. High CD4⁺ T‑cell count and the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) tended to increase the median survival duration, although not significantly according to the log‑rank analysis. In the univariate analysis, only surgery, radiotherapy (RT) and World Health Organization (WHO) tumor grade had significant associations with overall survival. In the multivariate analysis, only RT and WHO grade were independent predictors. In conclusion, gliomas may occur more frequently in HIV‑positive populations than is currently recognized. The survival duration of most HIV‑positive patients with glioma is determined by the tumor rather than HIV status. Adjuvant radiotherapy and the WHO grade of the glioma are predicted to be independent prognostic factors. Surgical resection followed by RT plus regular HAART is recommended for patients with glioma who are HIV‑positive.

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