Essential role of the cGMP/PKG signaling pathway in regulating the proliferation and survival of human renal carcinoma cells

Ren,Yu; Zheng,Jianjian; Yao,Xuping; Weng,Guobin; Wu,Ling

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2014.1925

Essential role of the cGMP/PKG signaling pathway in regulating the proliferation and survival of human renal carcinoma cells

Authors:
- Yu Ren
- Jianjian Zheng
- Xuping Yao
- Guobin Weng
- Ling Wu
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Affiliations: Department of Urologic Surgery, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, P.R. China, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China, Department of Urologic Surgery, Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital, Zhejiang 315000, P.R. China, Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, P.R. China
Published online on: September 8, 2014 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1925
Pages: 1430-1438

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Abstract

Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) plays a key role in regulating the intracellular cyclic GMP (cGMP) concentration, which influences anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic mechanisms in multiple carcinomas. PDE5 inhibitors, such as exisulind and its analogs have anticancer activities. In this study, we found that suppressing PDE5 gene expression by PDE5 siRNA inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in OS-RC-2 human renal cell carcinoma cells. These effects were enhanced by 8-Br-cGMP, a cell membrane permeable cGMP derivative, and were inhibited by KT5823, a protein kinase G (PKG) inhibitor, indicating that PKG was activated by intracellular cyclic GMP. In addition, there was a reduction in both the mRNA and protein expression of cyclin D1, while p21 protein expression was increased; the reduction in cyclin D1 expression was blocked by the proteasome inhibitor, MG132, or c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor; both β-catenin and JNK were phosphorylated by activated PKG. Furthermore, p21 protein expression was decreased in Sp1 siRNA transfected-cells treated with 8-Br-cGMP, indicating that p21 may be partly controlled by the PKG activation through Sp1. Furthermore, we found that PKG Iβ was responsible for the anticancer activities. Our findings indicate that the downregulation of PKG-activated genes, such as cyclin D1 partly accounts for the pro-apoptotic effects in PDE5 siRNA-transfected OS-RC-2 cells.

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