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Icariin regulates systemic iron metabolism by increasing hepatic hepcidin expression through Stat3 and Smad1/5/8 signaling

  • Authors:
    • Miao Zhang
    • Jing Liu
    • Wenli Guo
    • Xin Liu
    • Sijin Liu
    • Huijun Yin

  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: April 1, 2016     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2016.2545
  • Pages: 1379-1388
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Abstract

Systemic iron homeostasis is strictly controlled under normal conditions to ensure a balance between the absorption, utilization, storage and recycling of iron. The hepcidin-ferroportin (FPN) axis is of critical importance in the maintenance of iron homeostasis. Hepcidin deficiency gives rise to enhanced dietary iron absorption, as well as to increased iron release from macrophages, and this in turn results in iron accumulation in the plasma and organs, and is associated with a range of tissue pathologies. Low hepcidin levels have been demonstrated in most forms of hereditary hemochromatosis (HH), as well as in β-thalassemia. Therapies that increase hepcidin concentrations may potentially play a role in the treatment of these iron overload-related diseases. To date, natural compounds have not been extensively investigated for this purpose, to the best of our knowledge. Thus, in the present study, we screened natural compounds that have the potential to regulate hepcidin expression. By performing hepcidin promoter-luciferase assay, RT-qPCR and animal experiments, we demonstrated that icariin and berberine were potent stimulators of hepcidin transcription. Mechanistic experiments indicated that icariin and berberine increased hepcidin expression by activating the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) and Smad1/5/8 signaling pathways. The induction of hepcidin was confirmed in mice following icariin administration, coupled with associated changes in serum and tissue iron concentrations. In support of these findings, the icariin analogues, epimedin A, B and C, also increased hepatic hepcidin expression. However, these changes were not observed in hepcidin-deficient [Hamp1-/- or Hamp1‑knockout (KO)] mice following icariin administration, thereby verifying hepatic hepcidin as the target of icariin. Although berberine exhibited a robust capacity to promote hepcidin expression in vitro, it failed to alter hepcidin expression in mice. Taken together, the findings of the present study suggest that icariin exhibits a robust capacity to increase hepatic hepcidin expression and to modulate systemic iron homeostasis. The present study therefore highlights the significance of using natural compounds to ameliorate iron disorders through the regulation of hepcidin expression.
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May-2016
Volume 37 Issue 5

Print ISSN: 1107-3756
Online ISSN:1791-244X

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  • Journal Metrics
  • Impact Factor: 5.7
  • Ranked Medicine Research and Experimental
    (total number of cites)
  • CiteScore: 12.3
  • CiteScore Rank: Q1: #28/347 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
  • Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP): 1.022
  • SCImago Journal Rank (SJR): 1.167
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Spandidos Publications style
Zhang M, Liu J, Guo W, Liu X, Liu S and Yin H: Icariin regulates systemic iron metabolism by increasing hepatic hepcidin expression through Stat3 and Smad1/5/8 signaling. Int J Mol Med 37: 1379-1388, 2016.
APA
Zhang, M., Liu, J., Guo, W., Liu, X., Liu, S., & Yin, H. (2016). Icariin regulates systemic iron metabolism by increasing hepatic hepcidin expression through Stat3 and Smad1/5/8 signaling. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 37, 1379-1388. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2016.2545
MLA
Zhang, M., Liu, J., Guo, W., Liu, X., Liu, S., Yin, H."Icariin regulates systemic iron metabolism by increasing hepatic hepcidin expression through Stat3 and Smad1/5/8 signaling". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 37.5 (2016): 1379-1388.
Chicago
Zhang, M., Liu, J., Guo, W., Liu, X., Liu, S., Yin, H."Icariin regulates systemic iron metabolism by increasing hepatic hepcidin expression through Stat3 and Smad1/5/8 signaling". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 37, no. 5 (2016): 1379-1388. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2016.2545