Sphingosine 1-phosphate in metabolic syndrome (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Wei Chen
    • Hongwei Lu
    • Jie Yang
    • Hong Xiang
    • Hui Peng
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: September 7, 2016     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2016.2731
  • Pages: 1030-1038
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Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a clustering of components, is closely associated with the development and prognosis of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a lysophospholipid with paracrine and autocrine effects, which is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and hypertension through extracellular and intracellular signals to achieve a variety of biological functions. However, there is controversy regarding the role of S1P in MetS; the specific role played by S1P remains unclear. It ameliorates abnormal energy metabolism and deviant adipogenesis and mediates inflammation in obesity. Despite the fact that sphingosine kinase (SphK)2/S1P increases the glucose‑stimulated insulin secretion of β-cells, more evidence showed that activation of the SphK1/S1P/S1P2R pathway inhibited the feedback loop of insulin secretion and sensitivity. The majority of S1P1R activation improves diabetes whereas S1P2R activation worsens the condition. In hyperlipidemia, S1P binds to high-density lipoprotein, low‑density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein exerting different effects. Moreover, low concentrations of S1P lead to vasodilation whereas high concentrations of S1P result in vasocontraction of isolated arterioles. This review discusses the means by which different SphKs, S1P concentrations or S1P receptor subtypes results to diverse result in MetS, and then examines the role of S1P in MetS.
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October-2016
Volume 38 Issue 4

Print ISSN: 1107-3756
Online ISSN:1791-244X

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Spandidos Publications style
Chen W, Lu H, Yang J, Xiang H and Peng H: Sphingosine 1-phosphate in metabolic syndrome (Review). Int J Mol Med 38: 1030-1038, 2016.
APA
Chen, W., Lu, H., Yang, J., Xiang, H., & Peng, H. (2016). Sphingosine 1-phosphate in metabolic syndrome (Review). International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 38, 1030-1038. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2016.2731
MLA
Chen, W., Lu, H., Yang, J., Xiang, H., Peng, H."Sphingosine 1-phosphate in metabolic syndrome (Review)". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 38.4 (2016): 1030-1038.
Chicago
Chen, W., Lu, H., Yang, J., Xiang, H., Peng, H."Sphingosine 1-phosphate in metabolic syndrome (Review)". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 38, no. 4 (2016): 1030-1038. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2016.2731