XPD inhibits cell growth and invasion and enhances chemosensitivity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

Jian,Jie; Li,Shuang; Liu,Li‑Zhen; Zhen,Li; Yao,Ling; Gan,Li‑Hong; Huang,Ya‑Qing; Fang,Nian

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2020.4593

XPD inhibits cell growth and invasion and enhances chemosensitivity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

Authors:
- Jie Jian
- Shuang Li
- Li‑Zhen Liu
- Li Zhen
- Ling Yao
- Li‑Hong Gan
- Ya‑Qing Huang
- Nian Fang
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Affiliations: Department of Gastroenterology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, P.R. China, Department of Geriatrics and General Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, P.R. China, Department of Oncology, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
Published online on: May 4, 2020 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2020.4593
Pages: 201-210
Copyright: © Jian et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a lethal disease due to its high aggressiveness. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D (XPD) in the growth and invasion of ESCC and to elucidate the potential underlying molecular mechanisms. Western blot analysis and RT‑qPCR were used to detect the expression level of XPD in ESCC tissue samples and adjacent normal esophageal tissue samples. The pEGFP‑N2/XPD plasmid was transfected into human ESCC cell lines (EC9706 and EC109). The proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of EC9706 or EC109 cells were assessed following transfection with the XPD overexpression plasmid. The chemosensitivity of EC9706 or EC109 cells to cisplatin or fluorouracil was evaluated by CCK‑8 assay. The expression levels of phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3K)/AKT, nuclear factor (NF)‑κB, Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway‑related genes were detected by RT‑qPCR and western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that the expression level of XPD was markedly lower in ESCC tissue samples than in adjacent normal esophageal tissue samples. The pEGFP‑N2/XPD plasmid was successfully transfected into EC9706 or EC109 cells, inducing XPD overexpression. A High XPD expression markedly suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and increased the apoptotic rate of EC9706 and EC109 cells. Furthermore, the overexpression of XPD significantly increased the chemosensitivity of EC9706 and EC109 cells to cisplatin or fluorouracil. Following XPD overexpression, the expression levels of PI3K, p‑AKT, c‑Myc, Cyclin D1, Bcl‑2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑9 were markedly downregulated, while the expression level of p21 was markedly upregulated. On the whole, the findings of the present study demonstrate that XPD inhibits the growth and invasion of EC9706 and EC109 cells, whilst also enhancing the chemosensitivity of EC9706 and EC109 cells to cisplatin or fluorouracil by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. XPD may thus be an underlying target for ESCC treatment and drug resistance.

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