Multidisciplinary approaches to study anaemia with special mention on aplastic anaemia (Review)

Sankar,Divya; Oviya,Iyyappan Ramalakshmi

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2024.5419

Multidisciplinary approaches to study anaemia with special mention on aplastic anaemia (Review)

Authors:
- Divya Sankar
- Iyyappan Ramalakshmi Oviya
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Affiliations: Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 601103, India, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amrita School of Computing, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 601103, India
Published online on: August 28, 2024 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2024.5419
Article Number: 95
Copyright: © Sankar et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Anaemia is a common health problem worldwide that disproportionately affects vulnerable groups, such as children and expectant mothers. It has a variety of underlying causes, some of which are genetic. A comprehensive strategy combining physical examination, laboratory testing (for example, a complete blood count), and molecular tools for accurate identification is required for diagnosis. With nearly 400 varieties of anaemia, accurate diagnosis remains a challenging task. Red blood cell abnormalities are largely caused by genetic factors, which means that a thorough understanding requires interpretation at the molecular level. As a result, precision medicine has become a key paradigm, utilising artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, such as deep learning and machine learning, to improve prognostic evaluation, treatment prediction, and diagnostic accuracy. Furthermore, exploring the immunomodulatory role of vitamin D along with biomarker‑based molecular techniques offers promising avenues for insight into anaemia's pathophysiology. The intricacy of aplastic anaemia makes it particularly noteworthy as a topic deserving of concentrated molecular research. Given the complexity of anaemia, an integrated strategy integrating clinical, laboratory, molecular, and AI techniques shows a great deal of promise. Such an approach holds promise for enhancing global anaemia management options in addition to advancing our understanding of the illness.

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