Anacardic acid induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in the A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells

Seong,Yeong-Ae; Shin,Pyung-Gyun; Kim,Gun-Do

doi:10.3892/ijo.2013.1763

Anacardic acid induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in the A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells

Authors:
- Yeong-Ae Seong
- Pyung-Gyun Shin
- Gun-Do Kim
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Affiliations: Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea, Mushroom Science Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong 369-873, Republic of Korea
Published online on: January 8, 2013 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.1763
Pages: 1045-1051

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Abstract

Anacardic acid (AA) is a constituent of the cashew nut shell and is known as an inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). We investigated the cytotoxicity of AA on cancer cells and more experiments to reveal the cell death mechanism focused on A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells for our interest in lung cancer. To examine the molecular mechanism of cell death in AA treated A549 cells, we performed experiments such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), western blot analysis, fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), genomic DNA extraction and staining with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). For the first time we revealed that AA induces caspase‑independent apoptosis with no inhibition of cytotoxicity by pan-caspase inhibitor, Z-VAD-fmk, in A549 cells. Our results showed the possibility of mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis through the activation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and an intrinsic pathway executioner such as cytochrome c. This study will be helpful in revealing the cell death mechanisms and in developing potential drugs for lung cancer using AA.

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