The anticancer mechanism of 2'-hydroxycinnamaldehyde in human head and neck cancer cells

Ahn,Sang-Gun; Jin,Young-Hee; Yoon,Jung-Hoon; Kim,Soo-A

doi:10.3892/ijo.2015.3152

The anticancer mechanism of 2'-hydroxycinnamaldehyde in human head and neck cancer cells

Authors:
- Sang-Gun Ahn
- Young-Hee Jin
- Jung-Hoon Yoon
- Soo-A Kim
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Affiliations: Department of Pathology, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea, Department of Biochemistry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 780-714, Republic of Korea, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, College of Dentistry, Daejeon Dental Hospital, Wonkwang Bone Regeneration Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Daejeon 302-120, Republic of Korea
Published online on: September 8, 2015 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2015.3152
Pages: 1793-1800

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Abstract

Cinnamaldehyde has been shown to effectively induce apoptosis in a number of human cancer cells. In the present study, cinnamaldehyde derivative-induced apoptosis and its signaling pathways were assessed in p53-wild (SGT) and p53-mutant (YD-10B) human head and neck cancer cells. The cinnamaldehyde derivatives, 2'-hydroxycinnamaldehyde (HCA) and 2'-benzoyloxycinnamaldehyde (BCA), exhibited powerful anti-proliferative effects on SGT and YD-10B cells. The apoptotic effect induced by HCA or BCA was supported by caspase-3, -7, -9 and PARP activation, and confirmed by Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. HCA induced the expression of p21 in both SGT and YD-10B cells. Furthermore, HCA induced the level of pro-apoptotic Bak1 expression while decreasing the level of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 in both cell lines, suggesting that HCA induced the cell death pathway in a p53-independent manner. HCA also induced the expression of LC3B in SGT and YD-10B cells. Following pre-incubation with the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA, HCA-induced apoptosis was largely increased in SGT cells, while inhibited in YD-10B cells, suggesting that autophagy may actively contribute to HCA-induced apoptosis. Taken together, these observations suggest that HCA may be an effective therapeutic agent in the treatment of head and neck cancer regardless of p53 status.

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