High expression of MAGE-A9 contributes to stemness and malignancy of human hepatocellular carcinoma

  • Authors:
    • Youping Wei
    • Yanqin Wang
    • Jing Gong
    • Lihua Rao
    • Zhiwei Wu
    • Teng Nie
    • Dongling Shi
    • Liming Zhang
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: November 9, 2017     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2017.4198
  • Pages: 219-230
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Abstract

MAGE-A9, a well-characterized cancer testis antigen (CTA), belongs to a member of melanoma antigen gene (MAGE) family. In human malignancies, aberrant expression of MAGE genes correlated with poor clinical prognosis, increased tumor growth, metastases, and enrichment in stem cell populations of certain cancers. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been proposed to contribute to the major malignant phenotypes of liver cancer, including recurrence, metastasis and chemoresistance. However, expression and potential role of MAGE-A9 in liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) still remain unclear. In the present study, we first analyzed the expression profiling of MAGE family genes in EpCAM+ and EpCAM- human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), based on public Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Among these examined MAGE members, MAGE-A9 is the only one with significantly higher expression in EpCAM+ HCC specimens as compared with EpCAM- HCC. Quantitative PCR analysis further confirmed that MAGE-A9 expression significantly elevated in a subtype of HCC patients that had features of hepatic stem/progenitor cells with high-level expression of EpCAM and α-fetoprotein (AFP). Moreover, MAGE-A9 displayed remarkably enriched expression in EpCAM+ HCC cells that were sorted by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and cultured HCC cell spheroids with characteristics of stem/progenitor cells. Functional experiments further revealed that MAGE-A9 overexpression promoted cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, chemoresistance, and tumorigenicity in the context of EpCAM+ HCC cells, whereas MAGE-A9 knockdown significantly inhibited anchorage-dependent and spheroid colony formation and in vivo tumorigenicity. Collectively, these data demonstrate that MAGE-A9 functions as an important regulator of LCSCs, and MAGE-A9 may serve as a potential therapeutic target against HCC stem/progenitor cells.
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January-2018
Volume 52 Issue 1

Print ISSN: 1019-6439
Online ISSN:1791-2423

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Spandidos Publications style
Wei Y, Wang Y, Gong J, Rao L, Wu Z, Nie T, Shi D and Zhang L: High expression of MAGE-A9 contributes to stemness and malignancy of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Oncol 52: 219-230, 2018.
APA
Wei, Y., Wang, Y., Gong, J., Rao, L., Wu, Z., Nie, T. ... Zhang, L. (2018). High expression of MAGE-A9 contributes to stemness and malignancy of human hepatocellular carcinoma. International Journal of Oncology, 52, 219-230. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2017.4198
MLA
Wei, Y., Wang, Y., Gong, J., Rao, L., Wu, Z., Nie, T., Shi, D., Zhang, L."High expression of MAGE-A9 contributes to stemness and malignancy of human hepatocellular carcinoma". International Journal of Oncology 52.1 (2018): 219-230.
Chicago
Wei, Y., Wang, Y., Gong, J., Rao, L., Wu, Z., Nie, T., Shi, D., Zhang, L."High expression of MAGE-A9 contributes to stemness and malignancy of human hepatocellular carcinoma". International Journal of Oncology 52, no. 1 (2018): 219-230. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2017.4198