ZIC1 acts a tumor suppressor in breast cancer by targeting survivin

Han,Wei; Cao,Fang; Gao,Xiao-Jiao; Wang,Hua-Bing; Chen,Fang; Cai,Si-Jian; Zhang,Cong; Hu,Yong-Wei; Ma,Jun; Gu,Xing; Ding,Hou-Zhong

doi:10.3892/ijo.2018.4450

ZIC1 acts a tumor suppressor in breast cancer by targeting survivin

Authors:
- Wei Han
- Fang Cao
- Xiao-Jiao Gao
- Hua-Bing Wang
- Fang Chen
- Si-Jian Cai
- Cong Zhang
- Yong-Wei Hu
- Jun Ma
- Xing Gu
- Hou-Zhong Ding
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Affiliations: Department of General Surgery, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P.R. China, Department of General Surgery, Luan First People's Hospital, Luan, Anhui 237000, P.R. China, Business School, York St. John University, York YO31 7EX, UK, Department of Pharmacy, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P.R. China, Department of Urinary Surgery, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P.R. China, Department of Gynecology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P.R. China
Published online on: June 21, 2018 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2018.4450
Pages: 937-948
Copyright: © Han et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

In this study, we aimed to identify the tumor suppressive roles of zinc finger of the cerebellum 1 (ZIC1) in patients with malignant breast neoplasms and to examine the association between ZIC1 and survivin expression. For this purpose, 140 invasive breast cancer specimens, 1,075 RNA breast cancer samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), 6 human breast cancer cell lines and MCF-10A normal breast epithelial cells were selected in order to compare the expression level of ZIC1 with that of survivin via immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Subsequently, the MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR3 cells with a lower ZIC1 expression were transfected with rLV-Zic1-PGK-Puro lentivirus or rLV-ZsGreen-PGK‑Puro lentivirus in order to observe any alterations in cell proliferation and apoptosis through MTT assay, colony formation assay, mitochondrial membrane potential assay and flow cytometric analysis, and to analyze the modulation of molecular mechanisms by western blot analysis. In addition, xenograft mouse models were constructed to explore the role of ZIC1 in the growth of implanted tumors. The results revealed that ZIC1 negatively correlated with survivin in tumors and cells, and a higher ZIC1 RNA expression indicated a better overall survival in the 1,075 TCGA RNA breast cancer samples. In vitro, the overexpression of ZIC1 inhibited cell proliferation, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and promoted the apoptosis of the MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR3 breast cancer cells by inactivating the Akt/mTOR/P70S6K pathway, suppressing survivin expression, modulating the cell cycle, releasing cytochrome c (Cyto-c) into the cytosol and activating caspase proteins. In vivo, an elevated ZIC1 expression suppressed the growth of implanted tumors and downregulated survivin expression in tumors. On the whole, the findings of this study demonstrate that ZIC1 plays a tumor suppressive role in breast cancer, by targeting surviving, significantly downregulating its expression.

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