Altered histone acetylation patterns in pancreatic cancer cell lines induce subtype‑specific transcriptomic and phenotypical changes

Zhou,Quan; Pichlmeier,Svenja; Denz,Anna Maria; Schreiner,Nicole; Straub,Tobias; Benitz,Simone; Wolff,Julia; Fahr,Lisa; Del Socorro Escobar Lopez,Maria; Kleeff,Jörg; Mayerle,Julia; Mahajan,Ujjwal Mukund; Regel,Ivonne

doi:10.3892/ijo.2024.5614

Altered histone acetylation patterns in pancreatic cancer cell lines induce subtype‑specific transcriptomic and phenotypical changes

Authors:
- Quan Zhou
- Svenja Pichlmeier
- Anna Maria Denz
- Nicole Schreiner
- Tobias Straub
- Simone Benitz
- Julia Wolff
- Lisa Fahr
- Maria Del Socorro Escobar Lopez
- Jörg Kleeff
- Julia Mayerle
- Ujjwal Mukund Mahajan
- Ivonne Regel
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Affiliations: Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, D‑81377 Munich, Germany, Bioinformatic Unit, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, D‑82152 Planegg‑Martinsried, Germany, Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48208, USA, Department of Surgery, Martin‑Luther University Halle‑Wittenberg, D‑06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
Published online on: January 16, 2024 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2024.5614
Article Number: 26
Copyright: © Zhou et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is often diagnosed at advanced tumor stages with chemotherapy as the only treatment option. Transcriptomic analysis has defined a classical and basal‑like PDAC subtype, which are regulated by epigenetic modification. The present study aimed to determine if drug‑induced epigenetic reprogramming of pancreatic cancer cells affects PDAC subtype identity and chemosensitivity. Classical and basal‑like PDAC cell lines PaTu‑S, Capan‑1, Capan‑2, Colo357, PaTu‑T, PANC‑1 and MIAPaCa‑2, were treated for a short (up to 96 h) and long (up to 30 weeks) period with histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. The cells were analyzed using gene expression approaches, immunoblot analysis, and various cell assays to assess cell characteristics, such as proliferation, colony formation, cell migration and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs. Classical and basal‑like PDAC cell lines showed pronounced epigenetic regulation of subtype‑specific genes through acetylation of lysine 27 on Histone H3 (H3K27ac). Moreover, classical cell lines revealed a significantly decreased expression of HDAC2 and increased total levels of H3K27ac in comparison with the basal‑like cell lines. Following HAT inhibitor treatment, classical cell lines exhibited a loss of epithelial marker gene expression, decreased chemotherapy response gene score and increased cell migration in vitro, indicating a tumor‑promoting phenotype. HDAC inhibitor treatment, however, exerted minimal reprogramming effects in both subtypes. Epigenetic reprogramming of classical and basal‑like tumor cells did not have a major impact on gemcitabine response, although the gemcitabine transporter gene SLC29A1 (solute carrier family 29 member 1) was epigenetically regulated.

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