Specific organ metastases and survival in metastatic non‑small‑cell lung cancer

Tamura,Tomohiro; Kurishima,Koichi; Nakazawa,Kensuke; Kagohashi,Katsunori; Ishikawa,Hiroichi; Satoh,Hiroaki; Hizawa,Nobuyuki

doi:10.3892/mco.2014.410

Specific organ metastases and survival in metastatic non‑small‑cell lung cancer

Authors:
- Tomohiro Tamura
- Koichi Kurishima
- Kensuke Nakazawa
- Katsunori Kagohashi
- Hiroichi Ishikawa
- Hiroaki Satoh
- Nobuyuki Hizawa
View Affiliations

Affiliations: Division of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Mito Medical Center, University of Tsukuba, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan
Published online on: September 4, 2014 https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2014.410
Pages: 217-221

Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

Abstract

the present retrospective study was performed to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics associated with distant metastasis from non‑small‑cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The records of NSCLC patients with metastasis at the time of diagnosis between 1999 and 2012 were reviewed. Of the consecutive 1,542 NSCLC patients diagnosed during the study period, 729 (47.3%) patients presented with distant metastasis. Among those 729 metastatic NSCLC patients, 250 (34.3%), 234 (32.1%), 207 (28.4%), 122 (16.7%), 98 (13.4%) and 69 (9.5%) had bone, lung, brain, adrenal gland, liver and extrathoracic lymph node metastasis, respectively. In a multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model, liver and adrenal gland metastases were unfavorable prognostic factors. However, brain and bone metastases were not statistically significant prognostic factors. Using a logistic regression analysis, metastasis to the adrenal glands and the presence of pleural and̸or pericardial fluid effusion were correlated with a poor performance status. Therefore, when planning the treatment of NSCLC patients, particularly those with liver and adrenal gland metastases, we should take into consideration information regarding these unfavorable organ metastases.

View Figures

View References

1	Matsuda A, Matsuda T, Shibata A, Katanoda K, Sobue T and Nishimoto HJapan Cancer Surveillance Research Group: Cancer incidence and incidence rates in Japan in 2008: a study of 25 population-based cancer registries for the Monitoring of Cancer Incidence in Japan (MCIJ) project. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 44:388–396. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
2	Little AG, Gay EG, Gaspar LE and Stewart AK: National survey of non-small cell lung cancer in the United States: epidemiology, pathology and patterns of care. Lung Cancer. 57:253–260. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
3	Finkelstein DM, Ettinger DS and Ruckdeschel JC: Long-term survivors in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study. J Clin Oncol. 4:702–709. 1986.PubMed/NCBI
4	Sorensen JB, Hansen HH, Hansen M and Dombernowsky P: Brain metastases in adenocarcinoma of the lung: frequency, risk groups, and prognosis. J Clin Oncol. 6:1474–1480. 1988.PubMed/NCBI
5	Hoang T, Xu R, Schiller JH, Bonomi P and Johnson DH: Clinical model to predict survival in chemonaive patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer treated with third-generation chemotherapy regimens based on Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group data. J Clin Oncol. 23:175–183. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar
6	Bauml J, Mick R, Zhang Y, Watt CD, Vachani A, Aggarwal C, Evans T and Langer C: Determinants of survival in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer in the era of targeted therapies. Clin Lung Cancer. 14:581–591. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
7	Travis WD, Brambilla E, Muller-Hermelink HK and Harris CC: Pathology and genetics of tumours of the lung, pleura, thymus and heartWorld Health Organization Classification of Tumours. IARC Press; Lyon: pp. 9–124. 2004
8	Sobin LH, Gospodarowicz MK and Wittekind C: TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours. 7th. Wiley-Blackwell; pp. 136–146. 2009
9	Cox DR: Regression models and life tables. J Roy Statist Soc Ser B Metho. 34:187–220. 1972.
10	Sakurai M, Shinkai T, Eguchi K, et al: Prognostic factors in non-small cell lung cancer: multiregression analysis in the National Cancer Center Hospital (Japan). J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 113:563–566. 1987. View Article : Google Scholar
11	Borges M, Sculier JP, Paesmans M, et al: Prognostic factors for response to chemotherapy containing platinum derivatives in patients with unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lung Cancer. 16:21–33. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
12	Paralkar VR, Li T and Langer CJ: Population characteristics and prognostic factors in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: a Fox Chase Cancer Center retrospective. Clin Lung Cancer. 9:116–121. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
13	Jacot W, Quantin X, Boher JM, Andre F, Moreau L, Gainet M, Depierre A, Quoix E, Chevalier TL and Pujol JLAssociation d'Enseignement et de Recherche des Internes en Oncologie: Brain metastases at the time of presentation of non-small cell lung cancer: a multi-centric AERIO analysis of prognostic factors. Br J Cancer. 84:903–909. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
14	Sanchez de Cos J, Sojo Gonzalez MA, Montero MV, Perez Calvo MC, Vicente MJ and Valle MH: Non-small cell lung cancer and silent brain metastasis. Survival and prognostic factors. Lung Cancer. 63:140–145. 2009.PubMed/NCBI
15	Saad F, Lipton A, Cook R, Chen YM, Smith M and Coleman R: Pathologic fractures correlate with reduced survival in patients with malignant bone disease. Cancer. 110:1860–1867. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
16	Zarogoulidis K, Boutsikou E, Zarogoulidis P, Eleftheriadou E, Kontakiotis T, Lithoxopoulou H, Tzanakakis G, Kanakis I and Karamanos NK: The impact of zoledronic acid therapy in survival of lung cancer patients with bone metastasis. Int J Cancer. 125:1705–1709. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
17	Kagohashi K, Satoh H, Ishikawa H, Ohtsuka M and Sekizawa K: Liver metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis of lung cancer. Med Oncol. 20:25–28. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
18	Gorg C, Schwerk WB, Wolf M and Havemann K: Prognostic value of response to chemotherapy using ultrasound in lung cancer with metastatic liver involvement. Bildgebung. 57:70–73. 1990.PubMed/NCBI
19	Yamamoto N, Tamura T, Fukuoka M and Saijo N: Survival and prognostic factors in lung cancer patients treated in phase I trials: Japanese experience. Int J Oncol. 15:737–741. 1999.PubMed/NCBI
20	Nakagawa T, Okumura N, Ohata K, Igai H, Matsuoka T and Kameyama K: Postrecurrence survival in patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 34:499–504. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
21	Toloza EM, Harpole L and McCrory DC: Noninvasive staging of non-small cell lung cancer: a review of the current evidence. Chest. 123 Suppl 1:137S–146S. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
22	Mohammad K and Sadikot RT: Adrenal insufficiency as a presenting manifestation of nonsmall cell lung cancer. South Med J. 102:665–667. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI