Correlation between salivary and serum CA15‑3 concentrations in patients with breast cancer

Assad,Daniele Xavier; Mascarenhas,Elisa Cançado Porto; Normando,Ana Gabriela Costa; Chardin,Hélène; Barra,Gustavo Barcelos; Pratesi,Riccardo; Nóbrega,Yanna Karla De Medeiros; Acevedo,Ana Carolina; Guerra,Eliete Neves Silva

doi:10.3892/mco.2020.2062

Correlation between salivary and serum CA15‑3 concentrations in patients with breast cancer

Authors:
- Daniele Xavier Assad
- Elisa Cançado Porto Mascarenhas
- Ana Gabriela Costa Normando
- Hélène Chardin
- Gustavo Barcelos Barra
- Riccardo Pratesi
- Yanna Karla De Medeiros Nóbrega
- Ana Carolina Acevedo
- Eliete Neves Silva Guerra
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Affiliations: Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF 70910‑900, Brazil, Department of Analytical, Bioanalytical Sciences and Miniaturization (LSABM), ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France, Sabin Medicina Diagnóstica, Brasília, DF 70632‑340, Brazil, Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences and Celiac Disease Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF 70910‑900, Brazil, Applied Analysis Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF 70910‑900, Brazil
Published online on: June 4, 2020 https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2020.2062
Pages: 155-161
Copyright: © Assad et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The early detection of breast cancer enables the use of less aggressive treatment and increases patient survival. The transmembrane glycoprotein mucin 1, which is also known as cancer antigen 15‑3 (CA15‑3), is aberrantly glycosylated and overexpressed in a variety of epithelial cancers, and serves a crucial role in the progression of the disease. CA15‑3 is currently used as a marker of breast cancer. In the present study, CA15‑3 concentrations in saliva and blood of patients with breast cancer were evaluated to test new assays to detect salivary CA15‑3 in addition to ELISA and its diagnostic value. To the best of our knowledge, there are no previous reports of the use of chemiluminescence assay (CLIA) and electrochemiluminescence assay (ECLIA) in saliva. Saliva and blood were collected on the same day from patients with breast cancer (n=26) and healthy controls (n=28). For each subject, the level of serum CA15‑3 was measured using ECLIA, and the level of salivary CA15‑3 was measured using ECLIA, CLIA and enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ELISA and CLIA were able to detect CA15‑3 in saliva; however, ECLIA could not detect salivary CA15‑3. There was no significant difference between the mean serum and salivary CA15‑3 levels in patients with breast cancer or healthy controls. The levels of CA15‑3 were highest for luminal breast cancer subtypes and stage IV cases. A moderate correlation was observed between salivary and serum CA15‑3 levels as measured by ELISA in breast cancer patients (r=0.56; P=0.0047). The results demonstrated that ECLIA was not a good method to detect salivary CA15‑3, although it is the gold standard for detecting serum CA15‑3. The presence of CA15‑3 in saliva was confirmed, and this will be useful in future research. Further investigations are necessary to confirm the ability to detect salivary CA15‑3 and its correlation with serum CA15‑3.

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