Medical uses for phenol in the urinary tract: A possible forgotten treatment (Review)

Sadahira,Takuya; Maruyama,Yuki; Watanabe,Toyohiko; Sekito,Takanori; Mitsui,Yosuke; Wada,Koichiro; Araki,Motoo; Watanabe,Masami

doi:10.3892/mi.2021.13

Medical uses for phenol in the urinary tract: A possible forgotten treatment (Review)

Authors:
- Takuya Sadahira
- Yuki Maruyama
- Toyohiko Watanabe
- Takanori Sekito
- Yosuke Mitsui
- Koichiro Wada
- Motoo Araki
- Masami Watanabe
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Affiliations: Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700‑8558, Japan, Department of Urology, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane 693‑0021, Japan, Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700‑8558, Japan
Published online on: August 31, 2021 https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2021.13
Article Number: 13
Copyright : © Sadahira et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0].

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Abstract

Phenol is a chemical compound that was first used medically as an antiseptic. At low concentrations, phenol exerts local anesthetic effects achieved through denervation; at high concentrations, it exerts a potent protein‑denaturing effect that induces apoptosis. Phenol injection therapy has a long history of use in urology. It is reportedly effective for hemorrhagic cystitis, benign prostate hyperplasia, overactive bladder, hydrocele, bladder tumors, interstitial cystitis and other benign urologic diseases, and it is also used as a tool to decrease bleeding during prostate surgery. The present review article summarizes the medical applications of phenol in urological field. The articles available on the medical uses of phenol are primarily older and retrospective, involving small numbers of patients. In the absence of comparative studies with other treatments, it is impossible to determine the relative benefit of phenol. However, the treatment outcomes of phenol injection are fairly well‑established. Phenol therapy may be an option for patients who are poor candidates for invasive treatment. Further studies are required, however, as are improvements in the injection technique to reduce the rate of complications.

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