Comparison of natural anticoagulant deficiency in cerebral venous thrombosis with deep venous thrombosis

Tran,Song Giang; Vu,Minh Phuong; Nguyen,Thi Tuyet Mai; Nguyen,Tuan Tung; Pham,Phuong Thao; Hoang,Thi Hue; Vu,Hoang; Kieu,Thi Van Oanh; Duong,Hai Yen

doi:10.3892/mi.2025.218

Comparison of natural anticoagulant deficiency in cerebral venous thrombosis with deep venous thrombosis

Authors:
- Song Giang Tran
- Minh Phuong Vu
- Thi Tuyet Mai Nguyen
- Tuan Tung Nguyen
- Phuong Thao Pham
- Thi Hue Hoang
- Hoang Vu
- Thi Van Oanh Kieu
- Hai Yen Duong
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Affiliations: Vietnam National Heart Institute, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi 11519, Vietnam, Department of Hematology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 11521, Vietnam, Hematology and Blood Transfusion Center, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi 11519, Vietnam
Published online on: February 5, 2025 https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2025.218
Article Number: 19
Copyright : © Tran et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0].

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Abstract

The impact of a deficiency in natural anticoagulants on the occurrence of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is controversial, as well as whether there is a difference between CVT and deep venous thrombosis (DVT). The present study aimed to evaluate the association between a deficiency in natural anticoagulants and the occurrence of CVT vs. DVT. For this purpose, 274 patients newly diagnosed with venous thromboembolism (VTE), including 114 patients with DVT (41.6%), 81 patients with CVT (29.6%) and 79 patients (28.8%) with another type of VTE were retrospectively analyzed. In addition, 219 patients without thrombosis were used as the control group. Protein C (PC), protein S (PS) and antithrombin III (AT III) assays were performed prior to commencing treatment. The rates of PC, PS, AT III deficiency in the VTE group were 23.7, 28.8 and 14.2%, respectively. The rates of PC, PS, AT III deficiency in the CVT group were 21, 29.6 and 7.4%, respectively. The rates of PC, PS, AT III deficiency in the DVT group were 28, 34.2 and 15.8%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the DVT and CVT groups. Univariable and multivariable regression analysis revealed that PS deficiency was associated with the occurrence of all VTE types, DVT and CVT with odds ratios of 1.895, 2.330 and 2.052, respectively. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that PS deficiency is associated with the occurrence of CVT. No marked differences were noted between the deficiency in natural anticoagulants and CVT and DVT. These results may prove to be useful in deciding whether to perform natural anticoagulants testing in patients with CVT.

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