Clinical significance of keratinocyte growth factor and K-sam gene expression in gastric cancer

Tani,Hideki; Saito,Noboru; Kobayashi,Makio; Kameoka,Shingo

doi:10.3892/mmr.2013.1397

Clinical significance of keratinocyte growth factor and K-sam gene expression in gastric cancer

Authors:
- Hideki Tani
- Noboru Saito
- Makio Kobayashi
- Shingo Kameoka
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Affiliations: Department of Surgery II, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan, Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
Published online on: March 27, 2013 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2013.1397
Pages: 1381-1386
Copyright: © Tani et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY_NC 3.0].

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Abstract

Although gastric cancer is increasingly being detected at an early stage of development, diffuse growth‑type malignant tumors, such as scirrhous gastric cancer, are usually at an advanced stage at the time of diagnosis, resulting in poor treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine whether the K-sam gene and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) expression may be used to identify malignant tumors with a poor prognosis. K-sam and KGF expression was retrospectively evaluated in samples from 86 patients with early and advanced gastric cancer according to type, by examining serum levels and using immunohistochemical staining. The associations with clinicopathological characteristics and survival were also examined. The mean serum KGF levels were 11.191±3.808 pg/ml in early stage and 10.715±3.4991 pg/ml in advanced gastric cancer patients. KGF levels were significantly higher in types 4 and 5 (14.498±3.812 pg/ml, n=6) compared with types 1, 2 and 3 (10.747±3.571 pg/ml, n=80; P=0.028). Stage classification was identified as the only significant factor which determined overall survival. Patients with KGF-positive tumors had significantly higher serum KGF levels compared with those who had KGF-negative tumors. Patients with K-sam‑positive tumors had significantly higher KGF levels compared with those who had K-sam-negative tumors. Pathological KGF expression was not significantly correlated with the degree of differentiation; however, there was a positive correlation between high K-sam expression in scirrhous gastric tumors and serum KGF levels. The present study revealed that high serum KGF levels are a risk factor for diffuse infiltrative gastric cancer and may provide a simple method of identifying patients with a poor prognosis among previously diagnosed preoperative gastric cancer patients.

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