Decreased PPAR-γ expression in the conjunctiva and increased expression of TNF-α and IL-1β in the conjunctiva and tear fluid of dry eye mice

Chen,Yihui; Zhang,Xiaoyan; Yang,Ling; Li,Min; Li,Bing; Wang,Weifang; Sheng,Minjie

doi:10.3892/mmr.2014.2041

Decreased PPAR-γ expression in the conjunctiva and increased expression of TNF-α and IL-1β in the conjunctiva and tear fluid of dry eye mice

Authors:
- Yihui Chen
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- Ling Yang
- Min Li
- Bing Li
- Weifang Wang
- Minjie Sheng
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Affiliations: Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China, Department of Ophthalmology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China, Department of Ophthalmology, Luwan Branch of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200020, P.R. China
Published online on: March 12, 2014 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2041
Pages: 2015-2023

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β in the conjunctiva and the association between inflammatory cytokines and PPAR-γ in dry eye mice. Dry eye was induced in 6-week-old female C57 mice. mRNA expression of PPAR-γ, TNF-α and IL-1β were measured. PPAR-γ protein expression in the conjunctiva, and the contents of TNF-α and IL-1β in the conjunctiva and tear-wash fluid were determined. A PPAR-γ agonist, pioglitazone (PIO), was used to treat dry eye mice. Dry eye mice presented with similar manifestations as in humans. The PPAR-γ expression in the conjunctiva of dry eye mice was downregulated, accompanied by increased contents of TNF-α and IL-1β. PIO treatment markedly reduced the contents of TNF-α and IL-1β in tear fluid of dry eye mice. Following PIO treatment, the PPAR-γ expression increased markedly. PIO may activate PPAR-γ to inhibit the expression of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β in dry eye mice. This suppresses the inflammatory progression, increases the tear fluid production, elevates the tear film stability and reduces the damage to the ocular surface, exerting a therapeutic effect on dry eye.

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