Naringenin inhibits migration of bladder cancer cells through downregulation of AKT and MMP‑2

Liao,Alex Chien  Hwa; Kuo,Chia‑Cheng; Huang,Yei‑Chung; Yeh,Chi‑Wei; Hseu,You‑Cheng; Liu,Jer‑Yuh; Hsu,Li‑Sung

doi:10.3892/mmr.2014.2375

Naringenin inhibits migration of bladder cancer cells through downregulation of AKT and MMP‑2

Authors:
- Alex Chien Hwa Liao
- Chia‑Cheng Kuo
- Yei‑Chung Huang
- Chi‑Wei Yeh
- You‑Cheng Hseu
- Jer‑Yuh Liu
- Li‑Sung Hsu
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Affiliations: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi‑Mei Foundation Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Urology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C., Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C., Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Published online on: July 14, 2014 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2375
Pages: 1531-1536

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Abstract

Bladder cancer is one of the causes of cancer‑related death and has a high mortality rate due to its metastatic ability. Naringenin, a bioactive compound predominantly found in citrus fruits, exhibits several cellular functions, including anti‑oxidant, ‑lipidemia and ‑cancer abilities. However, the effects of naringenin on bladder cancer cells are yet to be elucidated. The present study investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of naringenin on the migration of TSGH‑8301 bladder cancer cells. Treatment with naringenin at doses ranging between 0 and 300 µM over a period of 24 h was found to reduce cell viability. Furthermore, zymography and western blot analysis revealed that naringenin reduced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑2 in a dose‑dependent manner, and repressed its activity. Naringenin also reduced TSGH‑8301 cell migration in a concentration‑dependent manner, as evidenced by wound healing and Transwell® assays. In addition, naringenin was found to inhibit AKT activity and block the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κ‑light‑chain‑enhancer of activated B cells. In conclusion, the findings of the present study show that naringenin is capable of inhibiting bladder cancer cell migration through the downregulation of the AKT and MMP‑2 pathways.

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