Open Access

TNF‑α and RANKL promote osteoclastogenesis by upregulating RANK via the NF‑κB pathway

  • Authors:
    • Gang Luo
    • Fangfei Li
    • Xiaoming Li
    • Zheng‑Guo Wang
    • Bo Zhang
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: March 7, 2018     https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.8698
  • Pages: 6605-6611
  • Copyright: © Luo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Although tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‑α) is known to serve a critical role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory osteolysis, the exact mechanisms underlying the effects of TNF‑α on osteoclast recruitment and differentiation remain unclear. To investigate the mechanisms by which TNF‑α influences osteoclast differentiation, mouse bone marrow‑derived macrophages (BMMs) were used as osteoclast precursors, and osteoclastogenesis was induced by macrophage colony‑stimulating factor and receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)‑κB ligand (RANKL) with or without TNF‑α for 4 days. Then, NF‑κB was inhibited using the inhibitor, BAY 11‑7082. The results indicated that treatment with TNF‑α alone did not induce osteoclastogenesis of BMMs. However, TNF‑α in combination with RANKL dramatically stimulated the differentiation of osteoclasts and positively regulated the expression of mRNA markers of osteoclasts. Finally, treatment of BMMs with BAY 11‑7082 prevented the formation of mature osteoclasts by BMMs treated with TNF‑α only or with RANKL, as well as the upregulation of osteoclast marker genes. Therefore, although TNF‑α does not induce osteoclastogenesis alone, it does work with RANKL to induce osteoclastic differentiation, and the NF‑κB pathway may serve an important role in this process.
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May-2018
Volume 17 Issue 5

Print ISSN: 1791-2997
Online ISSN:1791-3004

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Luo G, Li F, Li X, Wang ZG and Zhang B: TNF‑α and RANKL promote osteoclastogenesis by upregulating RANK via the NF‑κB pathway. Mol Med Rep 17: 6605-6611, 2018
APA
Luo, G., Li, F., Li, X., Wang, Z., & Zhang, B. (2018). TNF‑α and RANKL promote osteoclastogenesis by upregulating RANK via the NF‑κB pathway. Molecular Medicine Reports, 17, 6605-6611. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.8698
MLA
Luo, G., Li, F., Li, X., Wang, Z., Zhang, B."TNF‑α and RANKL promote osteoclastogenesis by upregulating RANK via the NF‑κB pathway". Molecular Medicine Reports 17.5 (2018): 6605-6611.
Chicago
Luo, G., Li, F., Li, X., Wang, Z., Zhang, B."TNF‑α and RANKL promote osteoclastogenesis by upregulating RANK via the NF‑κB pathway". Molecular Medicine Reports 17, no. 5 (2018): 6605-6611. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.8698