Age-dependent changes in vesicular glutamate transporter 1 and 2 expression in the gerbil hippocampus

Jung,Hyo  Young; Yoo,Dae  Young; Park,Joon  Ha; Kim,Jong  Whi; Chung,Jin  Young; Kim,Dae  Won; Won,Moo‑Ho; Yoon,Yeo   Sung; Hwang,In  Koo

doi:10.3892/mmr.2018.8705

Age-dependent changes in vesicular glutamate transporter 1 and 2 expression in the gerbil hippocampus

Authors:
- Hyo Young Jung
- Dae Young Yoo
- Joon Ha Park
- Jong Whi Kim
- Jin Young Chung
- Dae Won Kim
- Moo‑Ho Won
- Yeo Sung Yoon
- In Koo Hwang
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Affiliations: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea, Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung‑Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Republic of Korea
Published online on: March 8, 2018 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.8705
Pages: 6465-6471
Copyright: © Jung et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Glutamate is a major excitatory neurotransmitter that is stored in vesicles located in the presynaptic terminal. Glutamate is transported into vesicles via the vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT). In the present study, the age‑associated changes of the major VGLUTs, VGLUT1 and VGLUT2, in the hippocampus were investigated, based on immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis at postnatal month 1 (PM1; adolescent), PM6, PM12 (adult group), PM18 and PM24 (the aged groups). VGLUT1 immunoreactivity was primarily detected in the mossy fibers, Schaffer collaterals and stratum lacunosum‑moleculare. By contrast, VGLUT2 immunoreactivity was observed in the granule cell layer and the outer molecular layer of the dentate gyrus, stratum pyramidale, Schaffer collaterals and stratum lacunosum‑moleculare in the hippocampal CA1‑3 regions. VGLUT1 immunoreactivity and protein levels remained constant across all age groups. However, VGLUT2 immunoreactivity and protein levels decreased in the PM3 group when compared with the PM1 group. VGLUT2 immunoreactivity and protein levels were not altered in the PM12 group; however, they increased in the PM18 group. In addition, in the PM18 group, highly immunoreactive VGLUT2 cells were also identified in the stratum radiatum and oriens of the hippocampal CA1 region. In the PM24 group, VGLUT2 immunoreactivity and protein levels were significantly decreased and were the lowest levels observed amongst the different groups. These results suggested that VGLUT1 may be less susceptible to the aging process; however, the increase of VGLUT2 in the non‑pyramidal cells in the PM18 group, and the consequent decrease in VGLUT2, may be closely linked to age‑associated memory impairment in the hippocampus.

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