Impact of chronic immobilization stress on parameters of colonic homeostasis in BALB/c mice

Machorro‑Rojas,Nancy; Sainz‑Espuñes,Teresita; Godínez‑Victoria,Marycarmen; Castañeda‑Sánchez,Jorge  Ismael; Campos‑Rodríguez,Rafael; Pacheco‑Yepez,Judith; Drago‑Serrano,Maria  Elisa

doi:10.3892/mmr.2019.10437

Impact of chronic immobilization stress on parameters of colonic homeostasis in BALB/c mice

Authors:
- Nancy Machorro‑Rojas
- Teresita Sainz‑Espuñes
- Marycarmen Godínez‑Victoria
- Jorge Ismael Castañeda‑Sánchez
- Rafael Campos‑Rodríguez
- Judith Pacheco‑Yepez
- Maria Elisa Drago‑Serrano
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Affiliations: Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
Published online on: June 27, 2019 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2019.10437
Pages: 2083-2090
Copyright : © Machorro‑Rojas et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0].

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Abstract

The intestinal epithelium is a monolayer of cells arranged side‑by‑side and connected by tight junction (TJ) proteins expressed at the apical extreme of the paracellular membrane. This layer prevents stress‑induced inflammatory responses, thus helping to maintain gut barrier function and gut homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of chronic immobilization stress on the colonic expression of various parameters of homeostasis. A total of two groups of female BALB/c mice (n=6) were included: A stressed group (short‑term immobilization for 2 h/day for 4 consecutive days) and an unstressed (control) group. Colon samples were obtained to detect neutrophils and goblet cells by optical microscopy, TJ protein expression (occludin, and claudin ‑2, ‑4, ‑7, ‑12 and ‑15) by western blotting, mRNA levels of TJ genes and proinflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α, interleukin (IL)‑1β, ‑6 and ‑8] by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, fecal lactoferrin by ELISA and the number of colony‑forming units of aerobic bacteria. Compared with goblet cells in control mice, goblet cells were enlarged and reduced in number in stressed mice, whereas neutrophil cellularity was unaltered. Stressed mice exhibited reduced mRNA expression for all evaluated TJ mRNAs, with the exception of claudin‑7, which was upregulated. Protein levels of occludin and all claudins (with the exception of claudin‑12) were decreased in stressed mice. Fecal lactoferrin, proinflammatory cytokine mRNA levels and aerobic bacterial counts were all increased in the stressed group. These results indicated that immobilization stress induced proinflammatory and potential remodeling effects in the colon by decreasing TJ protein expression. The present study may be a useful reference for therapies aiming to regulate the effects of stress on intestinal inflammatory dysfunction.

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