Open Access

Oxidized unsaturated fatty acids induce apoptotic cell death in cultured cells

  • Authors:
    • Katsuya Iuchi
    • Mika Ema
    • Moe Suzuki
    • Chikako Yokoyama
    • Hisashi Hisatomi
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: February 5, 2019     https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2019.9940
  • Pages: 2767-2773
  • Copyright: © Iuchi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Polyunsaturated fatty acids are oxidized by non‑enzymatic or enzymatic reactions. The oxidized products are multifunctional. In this study, we investigated how oxidized fatty acids inhibit cell proliferation in cultured cells. We used polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5), linoleic acid (LA; 18:2), and palmitic acid (16:0). Oxidized fatty acids were produced by autoxidation of fatty acids for 2 days in the presence of a gas mixture (20% O2 and 80% N2). We found that oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acids (OxDHA, OxEPA and OxLA) inhibited cell proliferation much more effectively compared with un‑oxidized fatty acids (DHA, EPA and LA, respectively) in THP‑1 (a human monocytic leukemia cell line) and DLD‑1 (a human colorectal cancer cell line) cells. In particular, OxDHA markedly inhibited cell proliferation. DHA has the largest number of double bonds and is most susceptible to oxidation among the fatty acids. OxDHA has the largest number of highly active oxidized products. Therefore, the oxidative levels of fatty acids are associated with the anti‑proliferative activity. Moreover, caspase‑3/7 was activated in the cells treated with OxDHA, but not in those treated with DHA. A pan‑caspase inhibitor (zVAD‑fmk) reduced the cell death induced by OxDHA. These results indicated that oxidized products from polyunsaturated fatty acids induced apoptosis in cultured cells. Collectively, the switch between cell survival and cell death may be regulated by the activity and/or number of oxidized products from polyunsaturated fatty acids.
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April-2019
Volume 19 Issue 4

Print ISSN: 1791-2997
Online ISSN:1791-3004

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Spandidos Publications style
Iuchi K, Ema M, Suzuki M, Yokoyama C and Hisatomi H: Oxidized unsaturated fatty acids induce apoptotic cell death in cultured cells. Mol Med Rep 19: 2767-2773, 2019.
APA
Iuchi, K., Ema, M., Suzuki, M., Yokoyama, C., & Hisatomi, H. (2019). Oxidized unsaturated fatty acids induce apoptotic cell death in cultured cells. Molecular Medicine Reports, 19, 2767-2773. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2019.9940
MLA
Iuchi, K., Ema, M., Suzuki, M., Yokoyama, C., Hisatomi, H."Oxidized unsaturated fatty acids induce apoptotic cell death in cultured cells". Molecular Medicine Reports 19.4 (2019): 2767-2773.
Chicago
Iuchi, K., Ema, M., Suzuki, M., Yokoyama, C., Hisatomi, H."Oxidized unsaturated fatty acids induce apoptotic cell death in cultured cells". Molecular Medicine Reports 19, no. 4 (2019): 2767-2773. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2019.9940