Effect of docetaxel on the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis of human prostate cancer cells

Yang,Chongyi; Zhang,Weijie; Wang,Jie; Chen,Pengpeng; Jin,Jiangjiang

doi:10.3892/mmr.2019.9998

Effect of docetaxel on the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis of human prostate cancer cells

Authors:
- Chongyi Yang
- Weijie Zhang
- Jie Wang
- Pengpeng Chen
- Jiangjiang Jin
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Affiliations: School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China, Department of Urology, Ninghai First Hospital, Ninghai, Zhejiang 315600, P.R. China
Published online on: March 1, 2019 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2019.9998
Pages: 3864-3870

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Abstract

Prostate cancer is a common type of malignancy. Given the complexity of prostate cancer and the pressing challenge of chemoresistance, the current study was conducted to investigate the effect of docetaxel (Doc) on androgen receptor (AR)‑dependent and AR‑independent prostate cancers cells. Subsequent experiments were designed to explore the mechanism underlying the Doc‑induced apoptosis. Three different human prostate cancer cell lines, namely PC‑3, LNCaP and DU‑145, were exposed to various concentrations of Doc. The cytotoxic effects of Doc were evaluated by an MTT assay, while apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were determined by flow cytometric analysis of cells stained with Annexin V‑FITC and propidium iodide. Western blot assay was also used to measure the protein levels of B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2), Bcl‑2‑associated death promoter (Bad), total protein kinase B (Akt), phospho‑Akt and caspase‑3/9. Doc induced cytotoxicity in all three cell lines in a dose‑dependent manner. The half maximal inhibitory concentration values for the effect of Doc on PC‑3, DU‑145 and LNCaP cells were 3.72, 4.46 and 1.13 nM, respectively. Furthermore, the results indicated a significant difference in Doc sensitivity between AR‑dependent and AR‑independent prostate cancer cells. Evaluation of key gene expression at protein levels revealed a notable decrease in antiapoptotic Bcl‑2 and p‑Akt levels, along with a significant increase in pro‑apoptotic Bad, caspase‑3 and caspase‑9 levels. Therefore, Doc may induce cell apoptosis in prostate cancer via various pathways.

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