Hyperbaric oxygen treatment improves pancreatic β‑cell function and hepatic gluconeogenesis in STZ‑induced type‑2 diabetes mellitus model mice

Zhang,Caishun; Zhang,Di; Wang,Haidan; Lin,Qian; Li,Manwen; Yuan,Junhua; Gao,Guangkai; Dong,Jing

doi:10.3892/mmr.2022.12606

Hyperbaric oxygen treatment improves pancreatic β‑cell function and hepatic gluconeogenesis in STZ‑induced type‑2 diabetes mellitus model mice

Authors:
- Caishun Zhang
- Di Zhang
- Haidan Wang
- Qian Lin
- Manwen Li
- Junhua Yuan
- Guangkai Gao
- Jing Dong
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Affiliations: Special Medicine Department, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China, Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Novel Pharmaceutical Excipients, Sustained and Controlled Release Preparations, College of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou, Shandong 253023, P.R. China
Published online on: January 17, 2022 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2022.12606
Article Number: 90
Copyright: © Zhang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Type‑2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) causes several complications that affect the quality of life and life span of patients. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been used to successfully treat several diseases, including carbon monoxide poisoning, ischemia, infections and diabetic foot ulcer, and increases insulin sensitivity in T2DM. The present study aimed to determine the effect of HBOT on β‑cell function and hepatic gluconeogenesis in streptozotocin (STZ)‑induced type‑2 diabetic mice. To establish a T2DM model, 7‑week‑old male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high‑fat diet (HFD) and injected once daily with low‑dose STZ for 3 days after 1‑week HFD feeding. At the 14th week, HFD+HBOT and T2DM+HBOT groups received 1‑h HBOT (2 ATA; 100% pure O₂) daily from 5:00 to 6:00 p.m. for 7 days. The HFD and T2DM groups were maintained under normobaric oxygen conditions and used as controls. During HBOT, the 12‑h nocturnal food intake and body weight were measured daily. Moreover, blood glucose was measured by using a tail vein prick and a glucometer. After the final HBO treatment, all mice were sacrificed to conduct molecular biology experiments. Fasting insulin levels of blood samples of sacrificed mice were measured by an ultrasensitive ELISA kit. Pancreas and liver tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, while immunohistochemistry was performed to determine the effects of HBOT on insulin resistance. TUNEL was used to determine the effects of HBOT on β‑cell apoptosis, and immunoblotting was conducted to determine the β‑cell apoptosis pathway. HBOT notably reduced fasting blood glucose and improved insulin sensitivity in T2DM mice. After HBOT, β‑cell area and β‑cell mass in T2DM mice were significantly increased. HBOT significantly decreased the β‑cell apoptotic rate in T2DM mice via the pancreatic Bcl‑2/caspase‑3/poly(ADP‑ribose) polymerase (PARP) apoptosis pathway. Moreover, HBOT improved the morphology of the liver tissue and increased hepatic glycogen storage in T2DM mice. These findings suggested that HBOT ameliorated the insulin sensitivity of T2DM mice by decreasing the β‑cell apoptotic rate via the pancreatic Bcl‑2/caspase‑3/PARP apoptosis pathway.

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