Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma initially diagnosed as squamous metaplasia: A case report and literature review

Liang,Yasha; Shen,Cheng; Che,Guowei; Luo,Fengming

doi:10.3892/ol.2015.2975

Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma initially diagnosed as squamous metaplasia: A case report and literature review

Authors:
- Yasha Liang
- Cheng Shen
- Guowei Che
- Fengming Luo
View Affiliations

Affiliations: Department of General Practice, West‑China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China, Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, West‑China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
Published online on: February 17, 2015 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.2975
Pages: 1767-1771

Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

Abstract

A mass was detected in the middle lobe of the right lung of a 58‑year‑old female. The patient did not present any symptoms and was a nonsmoker. Diagnostic evaluation revealed squamous metaplasia in the middle lobe of the right lung. During surgery, a tumor was identified, which was diagnosed as a lymphoepithelioma‑like carcinoma (LELC). LELCs have been mainly reported in the Asian population and are associated with the Epstein‑Barr virus (EBVs), while they are not associated with smoking. Squamous metaplasia, which is the basis of squamous cell carcinoma, differs from LELC in the therapeutic methods used and the prognostic evaluation. Squamous metaplasia requires regular follow‑up in out‑patient clinics, while pulmonary LELC is treated by surgery and chemotherapy. Therefore, distinguishing between LELCs and other nonmalignant or premalignant conditions is essential.

View Figures

View References

1	Chow TL, Chow TK, Lui YH, et al: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of oral cavity: report of three cases and literature review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 31:212–218. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
2	Ferrara G and Nappi O: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung. Two cases diagnosed in Caucasian patients. Tumori. 81:144–147. 1995.PubMed/NCBI
3	Chan JK, Hui PK, Tsang WY, et al: Primary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung. A clinicopathologic study of 11 cases. Cancer. 76:413–422. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
4	Bégin LR, Eskandari J, Joncas J and Panasci L: Epstein-Barr virus related lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of lung. J Surg Oncol. 36:280–283. 1987. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
5	Aoki R, Mitsui H, Harada K, et al: A case of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the skin associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection. J Am Acad Dermatol. 62:681–684. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
6	Yoshino T, Ohara S and Moriyama H: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a case report and review of the literature. BMC Res Notes. 7:7792014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
7	Abdou AG and Asaad NY: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the breast: Cytological, histological, and immunohistochemical characteristics. Diagn Cytopathol. Mar 8–2014.(Epub ahead of print). PubMed/NCBI
8	Bai Y, Gao Q, Ren G, et al: Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoepithelioma-like gastric carcinoma located on gastric high body: two case reports. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 57:463–466. 2014.PubMed/NCBI
9	Higashiyama M, Doi O, Kodama K, et al: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung: analysis of two cases for Epstein-Barr virus infection. Hum Pathol. 26:1278–1282. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
10	Huang CJ, Feng AC, Fang YF, et al: Multimodality treatment and long-term follow-up of the primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma. Clin Lung Cancer. 13:359–362. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
11	Chang YL, Wu CT, Shih JY and Lee YC: New aspects in clinicopathologic and oncogene studies of 23 pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinomas. Am J Surg Pathol. 26:715–723. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
12	Han AJ, Xiong M, Gu YY, et al: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung with a better prognosis. A clinicopathologic study of 32 cases. Am J Clin Pathol. 115:841–850. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
13	Ho JC, Wong MP and Lam WK: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung. Respirology. 11:539–545. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
14	Chen FF, Yan JJ, Lai WW, et al: Epstein-Barr virus-associated nonsmall cell lung carcinoma: undifferentiated “lymphoepithelioma-like” carcinoma as a distinct entity with better prognosis. Cancer. 82:2334–2342. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
15	Curcio LD, Cohen JS, Grannis FW Jr, et al: Primary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung in a child. Report of an Epstein-Barr virus-related neoplasm. Chest. 111:250–251. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
16	Liang Y, Wang L, Zhu Y, et al: Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma: fifty-two patients with long-term follow-up. Cancer. 118:4748–4758. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
17	Bolgova LS, Gordienko TM, Mantsurov NE, et al: Exfoliative cytological diagnosis of lung cancer with bronchoscopic material. Klin Lab Diagn. 15–17. 2009.(In Russian).
18	Ngan RK, Yip TT, Cheng WW, et al: Clinical role of circulating Epstein-Barr virus DNA as a tumor marker in lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1022:263–270. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
19	Ma H, Wu Y, Lin Y, Cai Q, Ma G and Liang Y: Computed tomography characteristics of primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma in 41 patients. Eur J Radiol. 82:1343–1346. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
20	Hayashi T, Haba R, Tanizawa J, et al: Cytopathologic features and differential diagnostic considerations of primary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung. Diagn Cytopathol. 40:820–825. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar
21	Jeong JS, Kim SR, Park SY, et al: A Case of Primary Pulmonary Lymphoepithelioma-like Carcinoma Misdiagnosed as Adenocarcinoma. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul). 75:170–173. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar
22	Dong A, Zhang J, Wang Y, et al: FDG PET/CT in Primary Pulmonary Lymphoepithelioma-like Carcinoma. Clin Nucl Med. 40:134–137. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar
23	Yener NA, Balikçi A, Çubuk R, et al: Primary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung: report of a rare case and review of the literature. Turk Patoloji Derg. 28:286–289. 2012.PubMed/NCBI
24	Tanaka S, Chen F and Date H: Pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma with rapid progression. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 60:164–167. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
25	Shen DH, Cheng CY, Lin LF, et al: Conversion from FDG-negative to -positive during follow-up in a rare case of pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma. Clin Nucl Med. 37:679–681. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
26	Xia J, Jiang L, Zhang J, et al: The Clinical Analysis of 21 Patients with Lymphoepithelioma-like Carcinoma after Operation. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi. 12:1169–1173. 2009.(In Chinese).
27	Bildirici K, Ak G, Peker B, et al: Primary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung. Tuberk Toraks. 53:69–73. 2005.PubMed/NCBI
28	Kobayashi M, Ito M, Sano K, et al: Pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma: predominant infiltration of tumor-associated cytotoxic T lymphocytes might represent the enhanced tumor immunity. Intern Med. 43:323–326. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
29	Ho JC, Lam WK, Wong MP, et al: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung: experience with ten cases. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 8:890–895. 2004.PubMed/NCBI
30	Hernández Vázquez J, de Miguel Díez J, Llorente Iñigo D, et al: Large cell lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung. Arch Bronconeumol. 40:381–383. 2004.(In Spanish). View Article : Google Scholar
31	Abe T, Tanabe Y, Watanabe S, et al: A case of recurrent pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma responding to treatment with CBDCA/paclitaxel combined chemotherapy. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 31:1215–1217. 2004.(In Japanese). PubMed/NCBI
32	Morbini P, Riboni R, Tomaselli S, et al: Eber- and LMP-1-expressing pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma in a Caucasian patient. Hum Pathol. 34:623–625. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
33	Barroso A, Nogueira R, Lencastre H, et al: Primary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung. Lung Cancer. 28:69–74. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
34	Kasai K, Kon S, Sato N, et al: Case report of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung - lymphoid population consisting of cytotoxic T cells in resting state. Pathol Res Pract. 195:773–779. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar
35	Wöckel W, Höfler G, Popper HH and Morresi-Hauf A: Lymphoepithelioma-like lung carcinomas. Pathologe. 18:147–152. 1997.(In German). View Article : Google Scholar
36	Wong MP, Chung LP, Yuen ST, et al: In situ detection of Epstein-Barr virus in non-small cell lung carcinomas. J Pathol. 177:233–240. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
37	Wöckel W, Höfler G, Popper HH and Morresi A: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung. Pathol Res Pract. 191:1170–1174. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
38	Chow LT, Chow WH, Tsui WM, et al: Fine-needle aspiration cytologic diagnosis of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung. Report of two cases with immunohistochemical study. Am J Clin Pathol. 103:35–40. 1995.PubMed/NCBI
39	Miller B, Montgomery C, Watne AL, et al: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung. J Surg Oncol. 48:62–68. 1991. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
40	Han AJ, Xiong M and Zong YS: Association of Epstein-Barr virus with lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung in southern China. Am J Clin Pathol. 114:220–226. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
41	Hsu JL and Glaser SL: Epstein-barr virus-associated malignancies: epidemiologic patterns and etiologic implications. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 34:27–53. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
42	Han A, Xiong M and Zong Y: Association of epstein-barr virus with lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi. 26:222–224. 1997.(In Chinese). PubMed/NCBI
43	Mo Y, Shen J, Zhang Y, et al: Primary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung: distinct computed tomography features and associated clinical outcomes. J Thorac Imaging. 29:246–251. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
44	Hoxworth JM, Hanks DK, Araoz PA, et al: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung: radiologic features of an uncommon primary pulmonary neoplasm. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 186:1294–1299. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI