Anticancer effects of fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol on colorectal cancer cell lines and colorectal cancer tissues

Takahashi,Kazuto; Hosokawa,Masashi; Kasajima,Hiroyuki; Hatanaka,Kazuteru; Kudo,Kazuhiro; Shimoyama,Norihiko; Miyashita,Kazuo

doi:10.3892/ol.2015.3380

Anticancer effects of fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol on colorectal cancer cell lines and colorectal cancer tissues

Authors:
- Kazuto Takahashi
- Masashi Hosokawa
- Hiroyuki Kasajima
- Kazuteru Hatanaka
- Kazuhiro Kudo
- Norihiko Shimoyama
- Kazuo Miyashita
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Affiliations: Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041‑8611, Japan, Department of Digestive Surgery, Hakodate Municipal Hospital, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041‑8680, Japan, Department of Clinical Pathology, Hakodate Municipal Hospital, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041‑8680, Japan
Published online on: June 16, 2015 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3380
Pages: 1463-1467

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Abstract

Colorectal cancer is one of the most malignant neoplasms worldwide. Fucoxanthin is a carotenoid present in the chloroplasts of brown seaweeds. In the present study, the anticancer effects of fucoxanthin and its metabolite, fucoxanthinol, on 6 colorectal cancer cell lines and 20 tissue samples from surgically resected clinical colorectal cancer specimens were examined using a collagen‑gel droplet embedded culture drug sensitivity test (CD‑DST). The in vitro sensitivity to fucoxanthin, fucoxanthinol and the anticancer drugs is expressed as T/C (%), where T is the absorbance of cells which stained by neutral red treated with carotenoids and C is the absorbance of non‑staining cells. Fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol decreased the T/C (%) of Caco‑2, WiDr, HCT116, and DLD‑1 cell lines at doses of 20 µM. Fucoxanthinol also decreased the T/C (%) of SW620 cells, while the T/C (%) of Colo205 cells was not reduced by treatment with either carotenoid. Specifically, the T/C (%) of Caco‑2 and WiDr cells, which were incubated in carotenoid‑free medium for 6 days following treatment with 20 µM fucoxanthinol for 24 h, was markedly decreased to 1.4±0.2 and 12.0±0.3%, respectively. Furthermore, fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol decreased the T/C (%) in colorectal cancer tissue samples. Notably, 20 µM fucoxanthinol treatment resulted in a higher proportion of colorectal cancer samples with a T/C (%) of <50% (13/20, 65%) compared with samples treated with 20 µM fucoxanthin (2/20, 10%). The median T/C (%) value of 35.1% for the 20 cancers specimens treated with 20 µM fucoxanthinol was lower than the median T/C (%) values of 86.3% and 75.8% for those treated with fluorouracil and paclitaxel, respectively. These results suggested that fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol may be of use as chemotherapeutic agents in colorectal cancer.

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