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Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia in patients with lymphoma: A report of four cases and review of the literature

  • Authors:
    • Dan Yang
    • Xiaorui Fu
    • Xudong Zhang
    • Wencai Li
    • Mingzhi Zhang

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  • Published online on: September 15, 2015     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3703
  • Pages: 3261-3265
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Abstract

Due to advances in the treatment of lymphoma, the remission and overall survival rates for this disease have improved in recent years. However, the incidence of therapy‑related myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia (t‑MDS/AML) has increased. In order to further the understanding of the mechanisms of t‑MDS/AML and reduce its incidence, the present study reports 4 cases of t‑AML following treatment for lymphoma. The 4 patients presented aggressive forms of lymphoma in stage III/IV, and 3 were diagnosed with non‑Hodgkin's lymphoma. All patients had previously undergone chemotherapy containing alkylating agents and/or topoisomerase II inhibitors. The latency period between the time of primary diagnosis and occurrence of t‑AML ranged from 15 to 42 months. At the time of diagnosis of t‑AML, 3 of the 4 patients presented pancytopenia, whilst the remaining patient exhibited leukocytosis. The majority of the patients succumbed to their disease within 1 year of t‑AML diagnosis, with the exception of the patient in case 3, who survived following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‑HSCT). The present cases indicate that an advanced stage of disease at the time of primary diagnosis, prior exposure to radiotherapy, and administration of ≥4 regimens and ≥8 cycles of chemotherapy may be risk factors for the development of t‑AML. Based on the present findings and a review of the literature, we propose that allo‑HSCT should be recommended for patients at high risk of developing t‑AML. In addition, chimeric antigen receptor T‑cell immunotherapy may constitute a novel type of immunotherapy for the treatment of cancer, particularly for cases of relapsed and refractory lymphoma or leukemia.
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November-2015
Volume 10 Issue 5

Print ISSN: 1792-1074
Online ISSN:1792-1082

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  • Journal Metrics
  • Impact Factor: 2.5
  • Ranked Oncology
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  • CiteScore: 5.7
  • CiteScore Rank: Q2: #139/404 Oncology
  • Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP): 0.574
  • SCImago Journal Rank (SJR): 0.644
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Spandidos Publications style
Yang D, Fu X, Zhang X, Li W and Zhang M: Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia in patients with lymphoma: A report of four cases and review of the literature. Oncol Lett 10: 3261-3265, 2015.
APA
Yang, D., Fu, X., Zhang, X., Li, W., & Zhang, M. (2015). Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia in patients with lymphoma: A report of four cases and review of the literature. Oncology Letters, 10, 3261-3265. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3703
MLA
Yang, D., Fu, X., Zhang, X., Li, W., Zhang, M."Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia in patients with lymphoma: A report of four cases and review of the literature". Oncology Letters 10.5 (2015): 3261-3265.
Chicago
Yang, D., Fu, X., Zhang, X., Li, W., Zhang, M."Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia in patients with lymphoma: A report of four cases and review of the literature". Oncology Letters 10, no. 5 (2015): 3261-3265. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3703