Vitamin C induces apoptosis in AGS cells via production of ROS of mitochondria

Lim,Jae Young; Kim,Donghyun; Kim,Bok Ran; Jun,Jin Su; Yeom,Jung Sook; Park,Ji Sook; Seo,Ji‑Hyun; Park,Chan Hoo; Woo,Hyang Ok; Youn,Hee‑Shang; Baik,Seung‑Chul; Lee,Woo‑Kon; Cho,Myung‑Je; Rhee,Kwang‑Ho

doi:10.3892/ol.2016.5212

Vitamin C induces apoptosis in AGS cells via production of ROS of mitochondria

Authors:
- Jae Young Lim
- Donghyun Kim
- Bok Ran Kim
- Jin Su Jun
- Jung Sook Yeom
- Ji Sook Park
- Ji‑Hyun Seo
- Chan Hoo Park
- Hyang Ok Woo
- Hee‑Shang Youn
- Seung‑Chul Baik
- Woo‑Kon Lee
- Myung‑Je Cho
- Kwang‑Ho Rhee
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Affiliations: Department of Pediatrics, Gyeonsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongsang 660‑702, Republic of Korea, Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Gyeongsang 660‑702, Republic of Korea
Published online on: September 29, 2016 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5212
Pages: 4270-4276

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Abstract

It has been demonstrated that vitamin C exhibits anti-cancer activity in various tumor cell lines; however, its specific mechanism of action remains unknown. Although the diagnosis and therapy of cancer patients have markedly improved in recent years, safer and more cost‑effective treatments are still required. Therefore, the present study examined the effect of vitamin C on the induction of cell death in gastric cancer and its underlying mechanism of action. It was observed that the cytotoxicity of vitamin C on the human gastric cancer cell line AGS is dependent on the apoptotic pathway, including caspase cascades, but not on the necroptotic pathway. It was demonstrated that the vitamin C‑induced calcium influx and ROS generation have critical roles in the induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, vitamin C treatment depleted adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in AGS cells, and the autophagy pathway may be involved in this process. Taken together, the current study suggests that a high dose of vitamin C may induce gastric cancer cell apoptosis through the dysfunction of mitochondria, including calcium influx, reactive oxygen species generation and ATP depletion.

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