Karyopherin alpha 2 expression is a novel diagnostic and prognostic factor for colorectal cancer

Yu,Lei; Wang,Guiyu; Zhang,Qian; Gao,Li; Huang,Rui; Chen,Yinggang; Tang,Qingchao; Liu,Jin; Liu,Chunjia; Wang,Hongwei; Wang,Xishan

doi:10.3892/ol.2017.5579

Karyopherin alpha 2 expression is a novel diagnostic and prognostic factor for colorectal cancer

Authors:
- Lei Yu
- Guiyu Wang
- Qian Zhang
- Li Gao
- Rui Huang
- Yinggang Chen
- Qingchao Tang
- Jin Liu
- Chunjia Liu
- Hongwei Wang
- Xishan Wang
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Affiliations: Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China, Department of Oral Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China, Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
Published online on: January 10, 2017 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.5579
Pages: 1194-1200
Copyright: © Yu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer‑associated mortality in Western countries. CRC treatment is dependent on the preoperative and postoperative condition of patients. At present, the prognostic value of conventional parameters for the estimation of patient prognosis is limited. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of karyopherin α2 (KPNA2) in cancerous and healthy colon tissues and to evaluate the prognostic factors for patients with primary CRC. KPNA2 expression in CRC and paired normal tissues was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR). In addition, serum KPNA2 expression was evaluated by enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay. Subsequently, the association between KPNA2 expression in CRC tissues and patient clinicopathological features was analyzed. Kaplan‑Meier analysis was utilized to investigate the prognostic value of KPNA2 expression on overall survival rates following radical surgery for the treatment of CRC. Immunohistochemistry and RT‑qPCR revealed that KPNA2 expression was significantly increased in CRC tissues compared with paired normal tissues. Serum KPNA2 expression was significantly increased in CRC patients compared with healthy individuals. Furthermore, KPNA2 expression was observed to positively correlate with Tumor‑Node‑Metastasis stage, lymph node involvement, tumor differentiation, infiltration depth, lymphovascular invasion and perineural invasion, which are factors known to affect the prognosis of CRC patients following surgery. In addition, increased KPNA2 expression was associated with decreased overall survival and disease‑free survival rates. Patients not suited for surveillance regimens may be identified at initial biopsy test with a positive KPNA2 immunohistochemistry. Increased serum expression of KPNA2 may be utilized as a diagnostic factor for patients with CRC. High nuclear KPNA2 expression may serve as a novel predictor of survival following radical colorectal surgery in CRC patients. The results of the present study may improve individualized risk stratification, leading to the optimization of therapies for CRC patients.

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