Luteolin, a novel p90 ribosomal S6 kinase inhibitor, suppresses proliferation and migration in leukemia cells

Deng,Lan; Jiang,Ling; Lin,Xianghua; Tseng,Kuo‑Fu; Lu,Zhigang; Wang,Xiuju

doi:10.3892/ol.2017.5597

Luteolin, a novel p90 ribosomal S6 kinase inhibitor, suppresses proliferation and migration in leukemia cells

Authors:
- Lan Deng
- Ling Jiang
- Xianghua Lin
- Kuo‑Fu Tseng
- Zhigang Lu
- Xiuju Wang
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Affiliations: Department of Hematology, Sun Yat‑Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China, Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China, Department of Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97330, USA, Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 501282, P.R. China
Published online on: January 11, 2017 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.5597
Pages: 1370-1378

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Abstract

Ribosomal S6 kinases (RSKs) are directly regulated by extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK) signaling and are implicated in cell growth, survival, motility and senescence. The present study observed that RSK1 was overexpressed in primary untreated leukemia patient bone marrow samples compared with the expression at the complete remission stage, using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR). In addition, a high RSK1 expression (relative expression ≥10) was associated with a significantly shorter overall survival (P=0.038) compared with that in patients with low RSK1 expression (relative expression <10). The current study also investigated the effect of luteolin, a novel p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) inhibitor extracted from Reseda odorata L., which shows strong biochemical functions including anti‑allergy, anti‑inflammation and anti‑cancer functions, in MOLM‑13 and Kasumi‑1 leukemic cells. The cell viability, apoptosis and migration ability analysis were assessed by performing a cell counting kit‑8 assay, Annexin V‑FITC/PI double staining and migration filter assay, respectively. The results indicated that luteolin inhibited the growth of the leukemic cell lines through induction of apoptosis, while the migration ability was also suppressed. Overexpression of RSK1 by plasmid transfection was found to decrease the luteolin‑induced apoptosis and migration capabilities. By contrast, knockdown of the RSK1 expression by small interfering RNA appeared to induce the same effect as luteolin on MOLM‑13 and Kasumi‑1 leukemic cells. In conclusion, these results suggest that luteolin inhibits leukemic cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by inhibition of the RSK1 pathways.

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