IL-6 and TNF-α promote metastasis of lung cancer by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition

Shang,Guan-Sheng; Liu,Lunxu; Qin,Yi-Wei

doi:10.3892/ol.2017.6048

IL-6 and TNF-α promote metastasis of lung cancer by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition

Authors:
- Guan-Sheng Shang
- Lunxu Liu
- Yi-Wei Qin
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Affiliations: Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China, Department of Intensive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, P.R. China
Published online on: April 19, 2017 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6048
Pages: 4657-4660
Copyright: © Shang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The characteristics of cancer cells, such as invasiveness, are affected by the tumor microenvironment. Studies have shown that interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α regulate the proliferation of lung cancer. However, few studies have focused on the effects of IL-6 and TNF-α on metastasis of lung cancer. The present study was designed to investigate whether IL-6 and TNF-α can promote metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Sixty-five tumor and matched adjacent tissue samples from patients with NSCLC and corresponding serum samples were collected. Thirty serum samples from healthy subjects were selected as controls. Real-time PCR and western blot analysis were used to measure IL-6, TNF-α, vimentin, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin expression in tissue samples; ELISA was used to measure IL-6 and TNF-α expression in serum samples. The correlation of serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α with the clinical stage was analyzed; the correlation of IL-6 and TNF-α levels in serum with these tissues was analyzed; the correlation of serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α with lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis was analyzed. Expression of IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly increased compared with controls in both serum and tissue; IL-6 and TNF-α levels were positively correlated with lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis; IL-6 and TNF-α levels were negatively correlated with E-cadherin level and were positively correlated with N-cadherin and vimentin levels. In conclusion, IL-6 and TNF-α can induce epithelial‑mesenchymal transition, and subsequently promote metastasis of lung cancer. Anti-inflammation should be considered for the treatment of lung cancer.

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