Immunohistochemical expression and clinicopathological assessment of the cancer testis antigens NY‑ESO‑1 and MAGE‑A4 in high‑grade soft‑tissue sarcoma

Kakimoto,Takuya; Matsumine,Akihiko; Kageyama,Shinichi; Asanuma,Kunihiro; Matsubara,Takao; Nakamura,Tomoki; Iino,Takahiro; Ikeda,Hiroaki; Shiku,Hiroshi; Sudo,Akihiro

doi:10.3892/ol.2019.10044

Immunohistochemical expression and clinicopathological assessment of the cancer testis antigens NY‑ESO‑1 and MAGE‑A4 in high‑grade soft‑tissue sarcoma

Authors:
- Takuya Kakimoto
- Akihiko Matsumine
- Shinichi Kageyama
- Kunihiro Asanuma
- Takao Matsubara
- Tomoki Nakamura
- Takahiro Iino
- Hiroaki Ikeda
- Hiroshi Shiku
- Akihiro Sudo
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Affiliations: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie 514‑8507, Japan, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui 910‑1193, Japan, Department of Immuno‑Gene Therapy, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie 514‑8507, Japan, Department of Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852‑8523, Japan
Published online on: February 14, 2019 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10044
Pages: 3937-3943

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to explore the expression of the cancer testis antigens New York‑esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (NY‑ESO)‑1 and melanoma‑associated antigen (MAGE)‑A4 in high‑grade soft‑tissue sarcoma and to evaluate their association with the standard clinical‑pathological features of surgically treated high‑grade sarcoma patients. The study included 82 patients, and NY‑ESO‑1 and MAGE‑A4 antigen expression was analyzed immunohistochemically. The results revealed NY‑ESO‑1‑ and MAGE‑A4‑positive staining in 58.8 and 52.9% of synovial sarcomas, and 55.6 and 0% of myxoid liposarcomas, respectively. In patients with synovial sarcoma, NY‑ESO‑1 and MAGE‑A4 were expressed in 7 patients, only NY‑ESO‑1 was expressed in 3 patients, and only MAGE‑A4 was expressed in 2 patients. Univariate analysis indicated that a significantly higher MAGE‑A4 expression was observed in younger patients (P<0.001) and those with synovial sarcoma (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that significantly higher NY‑ESO‑1 expression was observed in patients with synovial sarcoma (P<0.01) and myxoid liposarcoma (P<0.01), and significantly higher MAGE‑A4 expression was observed in patients with synovial sarcoma (P<0.01). In high‑grade sarcomas, the 2‑ and 5‑year overall survival rates based on Kaplan‑Meier estimates were 100 and 81.3% in the NY‑ESO‑1‑positive group, and 69.7 and 53.0% in the NY‑ESO‑1‑negative group, respectively (P=0.049). It was also demonstrated that either NY‑ESO‑1 or MAGE‑A4 was positive in 70.6% of synovial sarcomas. These results indicate that NY‑ESO‑1 and MAGE‑A4 may be useful for the diagnosis of synovial sarcoma. The independent expression of NY‑ESO‑1 and MAGE‑A4, which may help expand the pool of candidates for molecular‑targeted immunotherapy, will be beneficial for synovial sarcoma patients.

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