Comparative analysis of CEACAM1 expression in thin melanomas with and without regression

Nichita,Luciana; Zurac,Sabina; Bastian,Alexandra; Stinga,Patricia; Nedelcu,Roxana; Brinzea,Alice; Turcu,Gabriela; Ion,Daniela; Jilaveanu,Lucia; Sticlaru,Liana; Popp,Cristiana; Cioplea,Mirela

doi:10.3892/ol.2019.10067

Comparative analysis of CEACAM1 expression in thin melanomas with and without regression

Authors:
- Luciana Nichita
- Sabina Zurac
- Alexandra Bastian
- Patricia Stinga
- Roxana Nedelcu
- Alice Brinzea
- Gabriela Turcu
- Daniela Ion
- Lucia Jilaveanu
- Liana Sticlaru
- Cristiana Popp
- Mirela Cioplea
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Affiliations: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 010221 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Pathology, Colentina University Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Physiopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 208028, USA
Published online on: February 25, 2019 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10067
Pages: 4149-4154
Copyright: © Nichita et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) is a key molecule in several intracellular and intercellular signaling pathways, with multiple functional and structural roles. CEACAM1 expression in melanoma is often described in the invading part of the tumor and has been associated with increased melanoma cells invasion and migration. We studied CEACAM1 expression in regressing versus non-regressing thin melanomas, knowing that phenomenon of regression represents a valuable model for understanding tumor immunity. In melanoma, through homophilic interactions, CEACAM1 inhibits natural killer cell activity, inhibits effector functions of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, such as cytotoxicity and interferon-γ release. We present a retrospective study including 53 consecutive cases of thin melanoma, 21 with regression and 32 without regression. Comparative analysis of CEACAM1 expression in regressed and non-regressed areas from melanomas with regression and in non-regressed melanomas was performed. We used three different clones of CEACAM1: AA 1-428, extracellular domain, rabbit; AA 1-428, mouse, clone 8B6E2F4; and AA 1-468, full length, mouse, clone 2F6. All three clones had similar reactivity. We identified membrane positivity of tumor cells in non-regressed melanomas and in non‑regressed areas in melanomas with regression. Remaining tumor cells in regressed areas were mostly negative for CEACAM1. In non-regressed lesions, there was a stronger positivity of CEACAM1 in the deep invasive front. In thin melanomas, CEACAM1 overexpression is related with invasiveness, suggesting that CEACAM1-positive melanomas are more aggressive. Also, in areas of regression tumor cells lose CEACAM1 expression, probably correlated with the presence of natural killer cells.

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