In vitro measurement of glucose uptake after radiation and cetuximab treatment in head and neck cancer cell lines using 18F‑FDG, gamma spectrometry and PET/CT

Matic,Natasa; Ressner,Marcus; Wiechec,Emilia; Roberg,Karin

doi:10.3892/ol.2019.10916

In vitro measurement of glucose uptake after radiation and cetuximab treatment in head and neck cancer cell lines using 18F‑FDG, gamma spectrometry and PET/CT

Authors:
- Natasa Matic
- Marcus Ressner
- Emilia Wiechec
- Karin Roberg
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Affiliations: Division of Cell Biology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Östergötland SE‑58185, Sweden, Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Östergötland SE‑58185, Sweden
Published online on: September 24, 2019 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10916
Pages: 5155-5162
Copyright: © Matic et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The standard treatment for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is radiotherapy, often in combination with chemotherapy or surgery. However, a novel monoclonal antibody, cetuximab (Erbitux®), has also been approved for patient therapy. The aim of present study was to develop an in vitro method for the measurement of 18F‑fluoro‑2deoxy‑D‑glucose (FDG) to determine if cellular 18F‑FDG uptake is associated with response to radiotherapy or cetuximab treatment. In the current study, HNSCC cell lines were treated with radiation or with cetuximab. Next, the uptake of 18F‑FDG was measured using a gamma spectrometer (GS). Thereafter, uptake after radiation was measured first with GS and then compared with positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) imaging. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) was measured following cetuximab treatment via reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR. A study protocol was developed to measure the cellular uptake of 18F‑FDG via gamma‑ray spectrometry and comparable results were obtained with those of clinical PET/CT. The results revealed a decrease in 18F‑FDG after radiation and cetuximab treatment. The uptake of 18F‑FDG following cetuximab treatment was significantly lower in the cetuximab‑sensitive cell line UT‑SCC‑14 compared with the cetuximab‑resistant cell lines UT‑SCC‑2 and UT‑SCC‑45. Furthermore, after treatment with cetuximab for 24 and 48 h, a significant increase in GLUT1 expression was detected in the sensitive cell line compared with the two resistant cell lines. In conclusion, a novel yet reliable method for the measurement of intracellular 18F‑FDG via GS has been developed, and our results indicate that 18F‑FDG uptake is associated with radiation and cetuximab response in HNSCC.

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