Patients with <em>Helicobacter pylori</em>‑positive gastric cancer with human cytomegalovirus infection have a low tendency of advanced lymphatic metastasis in a Chinese population

Chen,Chao; Chen,Sian; Han,Zheng; Xie,Wangkai; Zhang,Teming; Mao,Chenchen; Zhang,Liang; Sun,Xiangwei; Kwok,Terry; Shen,Xian; Xue,Xiangyang

doi:10.3892/ol.2021.12663

Patients with Helicobacter pylori‑positive gastric cancer with human cytomegalovirus infection have a low tendency of advanced lymphatic metastasis in a Chinese population

Authors:
- Chao Chen
- Sian Chen
- Zheng Han
- Wangkai Xie
- Teming Zhang
- Chenchen Mao
- Liang Zhang
- Xiangwei Sun
- Terry Kwok
- Xian Shen
- Xiangyang Xue
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Affiliations: Department of Oncology, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China, Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
Published online on: March 19, 2021 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2021.12663
Article Number: 402
Copyright: © Chen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Recognized as a group I carcinogen for gastric cancer (GC) and a factor involved in the development of GC, Helicobacter pylori serves a major part in GC research. However, most studies have focused on H. pylori itself, ignoring the complicated pathogenic microbiological environment of GC and neglecting the synergistic or antagonistic effects of H. pylori with other pathogenic microorganisms. Increasing evidence has revealed that the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is present in several types of tumors and serves an important role in the neoplastic process of certain human malignant tumors, including GC. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of HCMV and H. pylori co‑infection in GC. HCMV and H. pylori infection was analyzed in paired gastric tumor and peri‑tumoral tissues from 134 (98 male and 36 female) patients using PCR. The results revealed that a total of 74 (55.2%) patients had H. pylori infection, 58 patients (43.3%) had HCMV infection, and 34 (25.4%) patients had both HCMV and H. pylori infection. Univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that H. pylori infection was independently associated with advanced lymphatic metastasis [P=0.007; odds ratio (OR)=3.51]. Furthermore, compared with HCMV^‑/H. pylori^‑, neither HCMV⁺/H. pylori^‑ nor HCMV⁺/H. pylori⁺ were associated with metastasis, but HCMV^‑/H. pylori⁺ co‑infection status was an independent risk factor for advanced lymphatic metastasis (P=0.005; OR=6.00). In conclusion, GC co‑infected with HCMV and H. pylori exhibited a low tendency of lymph node metastasis. HCMV may interact with H. pylori to inhibit the process of lymphatic metastasis, and the mechanism requires further investigation.

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