Incaspitolide A isolated from <em>Carpesium cernuum L</em>. inhibits the growth of prostate cancer cells and induces apoptosis via regulation of the PI3K/Akt/xIAP pathway

Huang,Yuanshe; Mao,Jingxin; Zhang,Lai; Guo,Hongwei; Yan,Chen; Chen,Min

doi:10.3892/ol.2021.12738

Incaspitolide A isolated from Carpesium cernuum L. inhibits the growth of prostate cancer cells and induces apoptosis via regulation of the PI3K/Akt/xIAP pathway

Authors:
- Yuanshe Huang
- Jingxin Mao
- Lai Zhang
- Hongwei Guo
- Chen Yan
- Min Chen
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Affiliations: College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, Sichuan 400715, P.R. China, Agricultural College, An Shun University, Anshun, Guizhou 561000, P.R. China, Department of Pharmacy, An Shun City People's Hospital, Anshun, Guizhou 561000, P.R. China
Published online on: April 19, 2021 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2021.12738
Article Number: 477
Copyright: © Huang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Carpesium cernuum L. is a traditional medicine primarily used in Southwestern China, and it has been shown to exhibit a range of biological properties, including anti‑inflammatory and antitumor activities. Incaspitolide A (IA) is a sesquiterpene isolated from C. cernuum L. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antiproliferative effects of IA on PC‑3 prostate cancer cells and determine the underlying mechanism. Results from a Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay demonstrated that IA significantly reduced the numbers of viable PC‑3 cells in a time and dose‑dependent manner. Phase‑contrast microscopy revealed that the number and morphology of cells were markedly altered. Hoechst and EdU staining assays showed that IA reduced the proliferation of PC‑3 cells. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that IA arrested cell cycle progression at the S phase and promoted cell apoptosis in a dose‑dependent manner. Western blot analysis demonstrated that treatment with IA resulted in downregulation of phosphorylated (p‑) PI3K, p‑Akt, X‑linked inhibitor of apoptosis (xIAP), CKD2, cyclin A2 and pro‑Caspase‑3 protein expression, and upregulation of cleaved poly(ADP‑ribose) polymerase and P53 expression. The present results suggested that IA inhibited the growth of PC‑3 cells and induced apoptosis. The underlying mechanism appeared to involve the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/xIAP pathway. The present study indicated that IA may serve as a therapeutic for the management of prostate cancer and provided a theoretical basis for the pathogenesis of prostate cancer.

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